Plenary

So, the business statement and announcement is next. I will call this item very slowly so that the Trefnydd has an opportunity to take a sip of water, but we'll move, now, to the business statement and announcement, and I call on the Trefnydd.

Diolch, Llywydd. There are several changes to today's business: the Counsel General and Minister for the Constitution will deliver the statement on the legislative programme; the Minister for Climate Change will make a statement on affordability, second homes and the Welsh language, and finally, the Minister for Education and Welsh Language will make a statement on curriculum reform—next steps. Draft business for the next three weeks is set out on the business statement and announcement, which can be found amongst the meeting papers available to Members electronically.

Minister, can I call for a statement on biodiversity and its protection in relation to felling in Welsh Government-owned forests? So, I've been contacted, as the red squirrel champion, regarding the felling of 17 acres of Pentraeth Forest on Anglesey. This is much to the consternation of the red squirrel enthusiasts—the Red Squirrel Survival Trust and red squirrel experts like Dr Craig Shuttleworth—who believe that this will set back the conservation efforts on the island by at least a decade. Now, this is one of the few strongholds that red squirrels have, including other parts of Wales, of course, but this is the strongest area for red squirrels in the country, and I would have thought that we needed to make sure that any felling that takes place on Welsh Government land in areas such as this is done so in a way that doesn't jeopardise the conservation efforts that have been made. The squirrels trust have been calling for the intervention of the Minister to prevent this—[Interruption.]—to prevent this felling from taking place. I'm sorry, I'm finding it difficult to concentrate because of chuntering from the Plaid benches. I'm finding it very difficult to concentrate.

I'll remind you that next when you're chattering in the Chamber, Darren Millar. [Laughter.]

Touché, touché. Touché, touché.

But carry on.

But the point of the matter is we need ministerial intervention to prevent this felling from taking place, and to swap the felling area for another coup that doesn't threaten this particular important and iconic Welsh species.

Diolch, Llywydd. I was going to say 'pot kettle black' at the start of my contribution. I had a feeling red squirrels might come up today, and certainly I know, obviously, that the nature recovery action plan sets out priorities and this is part of that. The Joint Nature Conservation Committee is currently in the initial data-gathering phase of its review of species protection, and I know the Minister is awaiting the recommendations of that and, obviously, the inter-agency group, which includes NRW, will be put out to consultation. So, I'm sure the Minister will have heard your contribution and will take that in—those views—when she looks at the recommendations.

Trefnydd, in recent weeks, I've been made aware of the experiences of people on train journeys, where they don't feel safe because people weren't keeping to social distancing and nobody was being reminded to wear masks. My colleague in Westminster Hywel Williams has seen an internal briefing given to Transport for Wales staff that tells them not to enforce social distancing. This is unsafe for passengers; it's also unsafe for people working on the trains. Many people rely on public transport to get to work; they don't have any option but to get onto these crowded trains, and, as we know, masks aren't just to keep the wearer safe, they're principally meant to keep everyone else safe, so, if people aren't reminded to wear masks in indoor spaces, it's other people who are being put at risk. So, I'd like a statement, please, from the Welsh Government addressing these concerns and telling us how they'll make sure that social distancing and mask wearing are taken more seriously by train operators.

Thank you. This is becoming, clearly, more of an issue, and as someone who uses the rail services—I came down to Cardiff yesterday, and, whilst the train was certainly not overcrowded, there were a few people who were not wearing masks. As you say, it's to protect other people, and I think we all need to be far more considerate about other people. We are still saying, aren't we, that face masks are compulsory and that we should socially distance as much as we can. This will, obviously, be part of our 21-day review, where we will be continuing to look at this, and I know that the Deputy Minister for Climate Change is aware of concerns and is having discussions with Transport for Wales, particularly, and I do hope that more information will come out from Transport for Wales.

Alun Davies. Alun Davies.

The technology doesn't seem to be working this afternoon, Presiding Officer, in terms of muting and unmuting Members. Can I—

No, it seems to have—. I apologise; it seems to have a particular issue with you, Alun Davies. [Laughter.] That's not a personal comment, by the way; it's just an issue of clarification to other Members.

Obviously being controlled by the Government. [Laughter.] Could we have a statement on the Government's out-of-hospital cardiac arrest strategy, please? I notice that this morning the Government has made more money available to support the location of defibrillators, but that is, of course, one element of the overall strategy, and I would like to hear how the progress is being made, because Wales, when the strategy was launched back in 2017, had one of the lowest levels of survival for those suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, so I think it would be useful for the Government to make a statement on that.

Could I also ask for a statement on the committee structure of this Senedd? The agreement that we've seen from Business Committee in the last few weeks seems to be reducing significantly the ability of committees to hold the Government to account, and this severely and, in my view, profoundly weakens this Parliament's ability to hold the Government to account. The Finance Committee has already written to Business Committee on this matter, but I believe it's something that all backbenchers should have the opportunity to consider and to comment upon.

The final statement I'd like is on the ICT policy that is being imposed upon us by the Commission. I asked a question last week to the Presiding Officer, and, in answer to that question, she did say that there would be a review of this policy. I think it'd be useful for all Members to understand the proposed terms of reference of this review, the timescale and nature of this review, and who will undertake this review and how decisions will be taken. Until the review reports, I do believe that this policy should now be suspended.

Thank you. I'll take those in reverse order, and, in relation to the ICT policy of the Commission, I didn't hear the question you asked of the Llywydd. But, obviously, the Llywydd is in the Chamber and has heard you and I'm sure will write to you on the specific questions that you raised.

In relation to the committee structure, having spent many weeks as part of the Business Committee looking at the make-up and the structure of the committees, I do not think it has significantly reduced the ability of colleagues to scrutinise the Government. But, again, the Llywydd will have heard your comments.

In relation to the cardiac arrest strategy, I do think that is something that would be worthy of an oral statement, perhaps in the autumn term. I am aware of the additional funding that's been announced, and I know this is something that's very close to your heart, if you'll pardon the pun.

Business Minister, it was hugely disappointing that the Welsh Government were unsuccessful in ensuring fairness is at the heart of any body that they fund. Disappointment was felt across this Chamber from all parties that the sports Minister, although recognising the blatant unfairness in the reorganisation of women's football here in Wales and, to her credit, getting the Football Association of Wales to admit their failings in this regard, still couldn't persuade this publicly funded body to relook at and adapt their reorganisation of women's football in this transition year to take into account on-pitch success, which should have been at the heart of all decision making in this regard, as we all agree. Minister, we often hear Ministers stand in this Chamber talking about building a fairer Wales, but it seems that, when it comes to these warm words being followed through by bodies that are funded or partly funded by the Welsh Government, there is no reason for them to follow it. So, Minister, can we have a statement from the relevant Minister on how ensuring fairness and recognising past performance can be attached as a condition to future financial support from this Government?

Thank you. I think Laura Anne Jones does raise a very important point, and, certainly, when I'm appointing boards or you're looking at the way Welsh Government funding is given, I think things that are very important to us—social justice, making sure that sustainability is at the fore—they are issues that we look at very carefully. Obviously, the Deputy Minister for Arts and Sport, and Chief Whip has made a written statement on the FAW, but we will certainly consider if there's anything further we can do.

Trefnydd, I know that my colleague Mike Hedges raised this issue, the cladding issue, last week, but subsequently I've met with further residents in Cardiff Bay, and I know there's a demonstration this Saturday about the cladding issues in Cardiff; they're going from the BBC to the Senedd. Trefnydd, the Welsh Government needs to provide answers to these residents. They need to know the amount available, how it will be accessible, questions about who is eligible to apply and what defects will be covered. Please could we have a comprehensive statement from the Minister to answer their questions and put their concerns to rest before the recess? Trefnydd, Members of all political colours, including your own party, will continue to ask these questions until we, and, more importantly, the residents, get the answers they deserve. Diolch yn fawr.

I know the Minister for Climate Change and her officials are absolutely working at pace around this issue, which is obviously very important to so many people. It's really important they have a safe place to live, and cladding has, we know, caused risks and can cause risks in the event of a fire, but it's obviously not the only concern. I don't think the Minister will be able to do a statement next week, which is obviously the only week left before the end of term, unfortunately, but I'm sure she will inform Members when that piece of work has been finished.

Could I ask for one Government statement on the issue of the scourge of violence against shop workers? Violence against shop workers has doubled in recent times, including during the pandemic, and that's why the Home Affairs Committee in Westminster said that the patchwork of existing law was inadequate and why, indeed, amendments were laid last night to the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Bill debated in Westminster to strengthen protection for shop workers, and it was supported by the shop worker union Usdaw and the Co-operative Party, amongst many others. Regrettably, this was rejected by the UK Government on a Conservative three-line whip.

Now, as we face a rising tide of abuse and violence against shop workers, could we have a statement from Welsh Government on their work with unions and with employers in Wales to tackle this that can give a clear statement on the need for customers to treat shop workers with respect, courtesy and with dignity—the same shop workers, in retailers large and small throughout Wales, who have kept the shelves stacked and the checkouts running smoothly throughout the pandemic, so that we didn't go without? And does she share my hope that the House of Lords, where the Home Office Bill now heads, will have more sympathy with the protection of shop workers than the UK Government demonstrated last night?

Yes, I certainly do share that view. And isn't it sad that we have to remind people that all our shop workers deserve courtesy and respect? And we certainly saw last year, over the summer particularly, when I was meeting with the supermarkets regularly within my portfolio, that was always top of the agenda, unfortunately, the way that many of their staff were being treated. I worked closely with the police and other ministerial colleagues to make sure that any complaints or any assaults, verbal assaults, were recorded to make sure that the police were aware of the significant problem it unfortunately became.

I mentioned in an answer during First Minister's questions that I am meeting with the supermarkets again next week and the retail sector. I will certainly ask them if it is continuing to be a problem in the way that it was last summer. I appreciate it's always been an issue, but I do think the pandemic, unfortunately, heightened those incidents of, unfortunately, as you say, violence against our retail workers.

Minister, I have two suggestions. The Welsh Government has confirmed that the COVID booster vaccine—that is the third dose—will commence in September, and that the administration of this will happen in two stages. Teachers, however, are not in the first stage and, in my view, ought to be. I accept that this is a challenge, but we owe a lot to the staff in our schools who have done so much to support children during this pandemic, and now in making sure that their education recovers. We should have a statement in the Chamber outlining the Government's approach, because here is where announcements ought to be made.

The No. 2 suggestion that I have: the programme for government talks a lot about the importance of the green economy. However, in the delivery of straightforward measures to support the much-needed growth in electric cars, Wales is behind the rest of the UK. No Welsh local authority features in the top 20 of authorities across the UK for rapid charging points, and only Bridgend, Cardiff and Newport make it to double figures for the number of devices installed. Will the Government outline how it proposes to speed up the installation of charging points across Wales to ensure that this much-needed programme does not run out of power? Thank you.

Certainly, in the previous term of Government, the Welsh Government gave significant funding to our local authorities to ensure that they were able to install the charging points that would be required as people purchase more cars. It's very important that when someone is considering buying an electric car they have the confidence to know that they can travel safely.

In relation to your first point, I absolutely agree with you around the significant hard work and commitment and dedication that have been shown by our teachers. I'm sure the Member is aware that the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation advice in relation to the first vaccine, and the second vaccine obviously, was that it shouldn't be done on a career or a job basis. It was done on the groups, as you know, the top-nine priority groups, and I'm unaware that the JCVI have changed their advice. And, as you know, we do follow the JCVI. So, when it comes to the boosters, we will be offering the booster vaccine and the annual flu jab as soon as possible from September to, I think it's the top-four or five priority groups first.

The first of the section 19 reports prepared by Rhondda Cynon Taf council into the 2020 floods was published last Thursday and related to Pentre. In the aftermath of its publication, we've seen a public fallout between Natural Resources Wales and RCT council about the conclusions, and calls from some local politicians for compensation and potential legal action. Further, as was reported on Sharp End last night, the leader of the Welsh Local Government Association has written to the Minister for Climate Change, calling on Welsh Government to look at the functions undertaken by NRW, how well they are performing, and whether there might be an alternative. For those who were flooded in Pentre, this public fallout has provided none of the assurances they were promised.

In light of this, and in light of the letter from the WLGA, I would like to request an urgent statement from the Minister for Climate Change, outlining how the Welsh Government intends to address the concerns raised in relation to NRW. I also hope such a statement can reflect on whether the Welsh Government will now commission an urgent independent inquiry into the 2020 floods, looking at all of the reports prepared by each organisation, so that lessons are properly learned and actions taken to mitigate the risk of flooding as far as possible in the future. There must be proper scrutiny of every organisation with responsibility for flood mitigation, which include NRW, Dŵr Cymru, Welsh Government and local authorities. This is not happening at present and needs to be urgently addressed.

Thank you. I agree with you that there should be proper scrutiny, and that's why we very much welcomed RCT's section 19 report; obviously, NRW had already produced their report. I think there are some concerning findings in the RCT section 19 report. There are clearly lessons that need to be learned following the devastating floods last year, and I think both NRW and RCT have acknowledged that in their respective reports. I am aware that the Minister for Climate Change will be meeting with NRW and RCT, and I'm sure will inform Members of the outcome of those discussions at the most appropriate time.

Leader of the house, I was listening to your response to my colleague from South Wales Central on the Plaid benches regarding the cladding scandal. And this is an issue I've raised on several occasions with you and directly with the Minister as well, and I'm grateful for the Minister's interaction over a period of time now. But there are two things I'd like to seek security over, or information, certainly, over. One is obviously Robert Jenrick's comments over the weekend that, in England certainly, through the Building Safety Bill that was laid in the House of Commons yesterday, the liability window will now be stretched to 15 years, and it will be retrospective. Could you inform us whether the Welsh Government will be taking those powers themselves, so that that would be relevant to home owners here in Wales?

And secondly, when it comes to compensation and the ability of the Welsh Government to identify funds for compensation, I do think it's a matter of urgency that the Welsh Government come forward with a statement on this, and the summer recess shouldn't be a block to that. I'm someone who personally wants to push every time for oral statements, but I do believe, in this instance, that a written statement to inform Members of the progress on this very, very important issue is required, and we shouldn't allow recess to hold over for an eight to nine-week gap until September. So, will the Government commit to bringing forward a written statement as a matter of urgency, so that Members can inform their constituents of the progress on this important matter?

I absolutely agree with you around recess. And I think what I was saying in my previous answer was that there wasn't time—. I think you actually specifically asked me whether we could have an urgent statement next week, and I don't think that that piece of work that I referred to, by the Minister for Climate Change and her officials, will be finished then. But obviously, they are looking at how we develop a funding programme, to make sure we target the right support in a very complex issue. But certainly, if the Minister is able to bring forward a written statement over recess, I'm sure that will be welcomed by Members.

Thank you, Trefnydd.

The next item is a statement by the Counsel General and Minister for the Constitution on the legislative programme. And I call on the Minister to make his statement. Mick Antoniw.

Diolch, Llywydd. Today, I am pleased to make a statement on our legislative programme, an essential part of our ambitious and radical programme for government, to help create a stronger, greener and fairer Wales. Llywydd, often it is our proposals for primary legislation that capture headlines, but this statement sets out a more complex web of legislative matters that will come before the Senedd this year.

The context for this programme is challenging. The enormous impact of Brexit continues. This has already involved Welsh Ministers making over 70 statutory instruments and consent for over 200 UK Government statutory instruments in devolved areas. While we are nearing the end of the first phase of work, incorporating former European Union law into domestic legislation so that it functions following our withdrawal, much more remains to be done to reform and integrate this law with our policies for the post-EU landscape.

The public health emergency remains and the regulations, which have such an unprecedented impact on our lives, will for now at least continue to make commensurate demands on the Government’s policy and legal capacity and the Senedd’s time. Despite the wholly new ways in which the Senedd had to meet and pass legislation, the end of the last term saw us pass major Acts to make momentous changes in education and local government in particular. This term, we must now take forward the implementing secondary legislation, without which the Acts cannot have their intended effect.

Llywydd, we must be conscious that the UK Government has launched an unprecedented set of attacks on the powers and responsibilities of this legislature. The attention we must give collectively to the legislative programme at Westminster is no longer confined to identifying ways improvements in Welsh law could be secured through UK Bills. Rather, we have to interrogate each Bill brought forward for ways it might be used to undermine the integrity of the devolution settlement, or is contrary to Welsh Government policy. This creates another drain on the capacity of the Government and new demands on the scrutiny functions of this legislature.

And then there is the primary legislative programme itself. Llywydd, I will turn to provide further details on this complex and interlocking set of legislative requirements in a moment. But, first, I want to be clear that what I set out today is only the start of the legislative journey of this Senedd. Because of the uncertainties and complexities mentioned, I will focus today on the legislation to come before you in the next year—in Senedd year 1. Provided the public health position improves as we hope, then in next year’s legislative statement we should be in a position to say more about what is planned for later in this Senedd term.

Llywydd, the Government made the difficult decision last year not to introduce two planned Bills, and instead consulted on them in draft, and I thank all those stakeholders who took the time to provide comments, which we have carefully considered, and which I have no doubt will strengthen and improve the Bills we will now introduce.

We have drawn on the experience of working in social partnership during the pandemic as we refined the social partnership and public procurement Bill, which I am delighted to confirm will be brought forward in the first year of this Senedd term. It will create a statutory social partnership council and it will place requirements on Welsh Ministers, and on other bodies, to take action in pursuit of fair work principles, and ensure more socially responsible public procurement.

Llywydd, with this new Government comes new duties and, under the Legislation (Wales) Act of 2019, we must prepare a programme to improve the accessibility of Welsh law. I will lay the full programme in the autumn, but I'm pleased to announce that we will introduce our first consolidation Bill this year, bringing together legislation relating to the historic environment. This legislation, much of which is very old, has become increasingly convoluted and can present owners of listed buildings or scheduled monuments with a bewildering challenge that sometimes confounds even legal professionals. The Bill will create distinct, fully bilingual legislation for Wales that is as accessible as possible, and we look forward to working with the Senedd to take this Bill through the new scrutiny process introduced under Standing Order 26C.

Llywydd, in the coming year, we will also fulfil a number of aims from our programme for government through subordinate legislation. This will include making 20 mph the default speed limit in residential areas and banning pavement parking wherever possible.

As I said, we'll bring forward a substantial package of implementing legislation for major Acts passed in the last Senedd, so we will make legislation to support schools and teachers to deliver our radical changes to the curriculum for Wales and a more equitable person-centred system for supporting learners up to the age of 25 with additional learning needs.

We will implement the renting homes Act, a wholesale change to the law governing residential tenancies in Wales. This will improve the right and security of people living in the rented housing sector, prevent retaliatory eviction, ensure dwellings are fit for human habitation, and require that tenants are given written contracts. And we will also bring into effect the provisions of the local government and elections Act ahead of next year's local elections, including getting corporate joint committees up and running, and this will ensure that local members can make decisions together about important local government services for the benefit of citizens and communities in their regions. The Government is committed to reforming local government elections, to reduce the democratic deficit, and we want to see more people registered and more people voting. To deliver this, we will publish a set of principles for electoral reform and begin an ambitious programme of innovations for the 2022 and the 2026 elections. We look forward to working in partnership with local government to deliver a suite of changes both legislative and non-legislative that will demonstrate the value we place on democracy and local government in Wales.

Thank you, Counsel General, for your statement this afternoon, in the absence of the First Minister. As someone who can remember, when I first came into this Chamber back in 2007, when people talked about legislation, we talked about legislative consent motions and consent Orders, and there was no surety as to what exactly could proceed—to now, a fully fledged legislature, where the Government does have the ability to bring legislation forward—this is an important statement, because it's conferring rights on citizens. That's why we pass legislation—it confers rights in legal terms on citizens to expect that in the delivery of services, or the environment, or any other aspect of life here in Wales. So, this statement should be read carefully and concisely, to understand exactly what the Government's aims are over the next year, anyway, that the Counsel General's outlined, but also for the remaining four years after that of this five-year Assembly term.

I would ask that, in the hope that the Counsel General can give us greater clarity at the start of our proceedings this afternoon—. The Presiding Officer touched on the backbench ballot that will happen in September about legislative proposals, and the Government aren't known in this institution for giving much oxygen to backbench legislation, very often killing that legislation at the first hurdle. So, I'd hope that maybe the Counsel General might be more generous today and give an indication that the Government would be supportive of legislative proposals to at least get to Stage 1 in their course here in the Assembly, because I do think it's important that Members do have an opportunity, as well as Government, to bring forward that legislation on important matters that the people of Wales have elected them here to understand and take forward on their behalf.

It is a regret that the legislative statement doesn't include any provisions for an autism Bill, mental health legislation, older people's rights, and there's nothing on planning, nothing on animal welfare, nothing even on the British Sign Language Bill that many of us were campaigning for throughout the Senedd election term that just happened. And again, we've seen a delay in the clean air Bill—'again', I use that word. It was part of the First Minister's election strategy, bid—call it what you will—to become First Minister and leader of Welsh Labour back in 2018, I think it was, and here we are in 2021, and many politicians made a commitment in the first year to bring forward such a piece of legislation, because we do recognise that nearly 2,000 people are dying prematurely here in Wales because of lack of legislation in this important area, and the statement doesn't give us any confidence when we might be able to see that Bill. That is a real concern, that is, because there is cross-party support to allow that legislation to see the light of day. So, I am bemused at why, in the euphoria of the election victory, the Government don't feel energised and empowered enough to come forward with a piece of legislation that this Assembly, this Parliament, should I say, could get stuck into. I would hope that the Counsel General will respond to that, because where is the clean air Bill that was promised in the leadership bid of the current First Minister, but also in manifestos that were put before the people of Wales, including the Welsh Labour manifesto, I might add?

Well, I thank the leader of the opposition for those comments. If I could deal with them as you've gone through them, I think, in a constructive way.

In respect of the issue of backbench ballots, these are clearly an important part of the operation of this Parliament, and clearly the selection and taking forward of such legislation is really a matter for the Senedd rather than the Government itself.

In terms of planning, you'll be aware of the Law Commission work that has gone on with a view to the possibility of bringing forward a planning consolidation Bill, and that is obviously something that is under consideration, and when I table my report on the accessibility of Welsh law and the issues around codification, I hope to be able to refer specifically to that.

In terms of a clean air Bill, it is an absolute commitment of this Government to introduce a clean air Bill. There is an issue of prioritisation in respect of the work that takes place in this first year. I made comments in my introduction of the legislative programme, really to the particular demands in respect of the broader framework of legislation that's occurring as a result of UK Bills, as a result of Brexit, as a result of COVID. But I'm very adamant that one of the things that we have to ensure is that, when we pass legislation, we have a clear timetable and implementation strategy in respect of that legislation, because until you have implementation, the primary legislation does not have the full effect and meaning that we want it to have. So, for example, in areas around renting homes, we know that there are over 20 major pieces of subsidiary legislation that will need to be worked on and need to be brought forward, and the same is true in many other areas. So, one of the reasons for adopting this particular approach in respect of identifying our first year, but then also preparing work and further statements in due course on years 2 and 3 and the future programme of legislation, is to ensure that what we have done is prioritise what we really do need to do now, what we really need to do in terms of implementation and some of the major pieces of legislation we need to start now, but that doesn't mean, of course, that work isn't going on in other areas, because the tabling of a piece of legislation is really the end product of an enormous amount of work that takes place. So, I think it's important that we actually have regard for that.

In terms of innovation in local government and around elections, well, of course, you're right that there is a very short period of time in respect of the local government elections, and there is of course the Gould convention, which requires that any changes to legislation are implemented six months prior to the election itself. So, this constrains some of the things that can be done. But there are, of course, things within the existing powers that can be implemented. They can relate to the actual design and operation of the ballot forms themselves. We know that there were some 7,000 ballots that were incorrectly filled in, and, of course, existing legislation does not allow those ballots to actually be returned. So, there are issues on how we ensure there are fewer errors made within the voting system. I think there are steps that can be taken to actually improve and enhance registration for elections, and I think there may even be an opportunity in respect of powers to implement pilots—pilots that themselves, nevertheless, would involve a considerable amount of legislative work, but might involve things like, for example, a pilot on voting in schools and having ballot boxes there. That's something that has been discussed. Some of these are items that were discussed prior to the Senedd elections, but there wasn't time for implementation. So, all those areas.

Thank you for your statement, Counsel General. There are a number of things contained within it that we in Plaid Cymru could agree with.

A majority of us in this place are concerned about the so-called muscular unionism of the Conservative Party in Westminster, or shall we call it as it is—English nationalist tendency of the Boris Johnson Westminster Government? Plaid Cymru will stand firm with the Welsh Government against the attempt by those over there to overturn the democracy we have here in Wales—the trojan horse of the UK internal market Act. I'm glad to see further attempts to make Welsh law accessible—a problem legal professionals face, let alone laypeople. I'm also glad, finally, to see the implementation of the renting homes Act, a piece of legislation that was passed back in 2016. Why on earth did it take so long to implement that important piece of legislation? You mentioned that this will bring an end to retaliatory evictions—good news—but it's disappointing that, last week, you brought to an end the legal protection against no-fault evictions. The Counsel General rightly points out the pressures facing the Government, with Brexit and the COVID pandemic. However, there's one piece missing from your legislative jigsaw, and that is legislation dealing with the climate emergency.

Llywydd, many of us here in the Senedd and outwith the Senedd are extremely disappointed that the clean air Bill is not contained within your statement today.

My colleague Delyth Jewell and I tabled a statement of opinion on Clean Air Day on 17 June, calling on the Welsh Government to bring a clean air Act into force this year. That had cross-party support. Why don't you get on with it? The Tories are more progressive than Welsh Government on this point. We need action. You mentioned prioritisation; well, we need action on the climate emergency now. That should be a priority and Welsh Government should be ashamed that the Conservatives are more forward than you on this matter.

The Act would encourage the use of low-emission vehicles with fast charging points to replace more polluting vehicles; create clean air zones in towns and cities; allow pollution-monitoring equipment outside of schools and hospitals; enable local authorities to introduce pollution and congestion charges. What's more important than that, Counsel General? Our future generations cannot be starved of clean air, so we really need urgency now from the Welsh Government; we need action.

There is nothing, either, in the statement on environmental governance legislation, despite it being part of the Plaid Cymru motion last week—a motion you supported. Warm words simply aren't enough to tackle global warming. We need to think globally but act locally here by legislating here in the Senedd. Token efforts aren't good enough.

We need a clean air Act to legally protect the people and citizens of our nation. The campaigners wanted the Bill introduced in the first 100 days of this Senedd. Well, we'll be lucky to have it in the first 100 weeks, the way you're dragging your feet.

Another issue I know constituents in Cardiff and elsewhere feel very strongly about is building safety. We have people a stone's throw away from here in the Senedd who aren't sleeping at night. People are crippled with anxiety—people in fear for their own safety and the safety of their loved ones. Why isn't there anything in this legislative statement about building safety? Why are we allowing people's lives to stay on hold?

There is no legislation in this to reform our transport system, essential as we build back better after COVID and important in our fight against the climate emergency.

There's a great deal of talk about subordinate legislation in your statement, but language rights haven't been created since 2018. So, will you pledge that there will be enhanced language rights introduced? There's no mention of a Welsh education Act, which is crucial if we are to reach a million Welsh speakers.

The truth, Counsel General, is that your plan is light on detail and is weak. It's no surprise; in the Scottish Parliament, in the previous Parliament, they passed 63 pieces of legislation, and we only passed 17. You have a mandate now—you have the mandate to act radically to intervene in the housing market, to provide social care and to take steps to tackle child poverty, which is a national embarrassment, and should embarrass you as a Government too. There is a clear mandate for you now to introduce radical changes. Don't miss that opportunity. We will scrutinise you every step of the way in order for you to create the radical new Wales that we need. Thank you.

I thank the Member for that very detailed contribution, and many of the comments I actually welcome. In the 10 or 11 years now that I've been a Senedd Member, I don't think I've attended a single legislative programme debate where the debate doesn't start off with how dissatisfied the opposition are with the volume of legislation, with the quality of legislation, and why it is taking so long. I often understand those particular points. I have to say, as Counsel General, one of my concerns is the quality of legislation, rather than quantity; also, looking at things that can be done without legislation. As the Member, I'm sure, will know, 'legislate in haste, repent at leisure'. We've seen much legislation, certainly at UK Government level, that has fallen within that category.

Can I just say, on the muscular unionism issue that he raises, that it's a phrase that is used to represent what I think is a real concern about a Government that is not listening or is in denial about the fact that there is a major constitutional problem; that is in denial, really, about the internal market Act? I should, perhaps, say that the Government isn't in denial about it, because I think the UK Government knew exactly what it was doing when it introduced that particular legislation. As I have reported already in a written statement, and, I think, in answers to questions, we've been granted leave to appeal to challenge aspects of that, and we await a date in respect of that. I will report to Members on that in due course.

I welcome very much the Member's comments on accessibility, because the accessibility of Welsh law—which I see in terms of the availability to be able to find it, to have it properly codified, to have it clear and available—is really important in terms of the growth and generation of the Welsh judicial system and the establishment of a Welsh judicial structure. It is also important, though, in terms of the areas, as he will know from the Thomas commission report, that we should have devolved to us and those areas that we should have responsibility for, which, actually, relate to the citizens of Wales and their ability to access the law. There is no point having the best laws in the world if people either don't know where they are or what they say, or, as importantly, they cannot access those particular laws.

He raised the issue of the renting homes Act, and I agree with him. In 2016 we planted what I think is an exemplar piece of legislation, giving rights to tenants and in many other housing areas. We’ve had the issue of Brexit and we’ve had the issue of COVID, and I think it would be a mistake to underestimate the actual scale of demand and legislation that has sidelined the ability to do some of the things that we wanted to do in the last Senedd. But that is one of the reasons why I specifically referred in my statement today to implementation and how the implementation is as important as primary legislation and new primary legislation. And as I’ve said, without that implementation, all those rights that are contained within the primary legislation are of little value. So, the point you make there is absolutely fair and correct. That is a priority, and I’ve already indicated the scale of implementation legislative work that is going to be required.

I just wanted to press you a little bit on how we could improve and enhance electoral registration, because it seems to me that one of the most important things is that everybody is entitled to take part in elections, because if we have a large number of people not taking part, it really does undermine the democratic mandate of whoever is elected. So, this seems to me to be absolutely crucial to ensure that it’s made easy. If only we could cross-reference who’s on the electoral register with other bureaucratic transactions that citizens have to conduct, for example relating to renewing their driving licence and things like that. It would certainly enhance our ability to have accurate electoral registration, because I know, in my constituency, at least 20 per cent of the register is no longer at the place that they’re registered. So, it’s a huge problem, but one that we really do need to address.

On the business about clean air, I am also disappointed, certainly, because I really want to test the enthusiasm of the opposition parties to really want to go ahead with clean air. There are two issues here, two contributors: one is industry—

Can the Member remind—[Inaudible.]?

—and their activities, and I can understand the reticence of the Government to want to add to the challenges that industry is facing as a result of Brexit and the tsunami, and COVID, but one of the things we really, really need—as well as the 20 mph default speed in residential areas, which is a huge contribution to clean air, but we also need to reregulate our buses, if we are going to provide really clear and affordable opportunities for people to leave their car at home for regular journeys.

I'd like to thank the Member for those comments, and I am very much in agreement with the comments she made with regard to improving electoral registration. The crux of the problem, really, is that our electoral registration and legislation and regulations are archaic. They consist, in numerous places, of numerous amendments and ad hocs, over many, many years, and are desperately in need of reform—a reform of electoral administration, but also a modernisation of elections. I think one of the areas that we will want to be looking at, really, is the principles of electoral reform, which have got to be around the maximisation of opportunity, transparency, as well as robustness in respect of elections.

Some of the areas of things that we may be able to do, over the coming months, relate to possibly registration. It was certainly disappointing, wasn't it, the number of registrations of 16+ voters—you know, approximately 50 per cent registered. Not all voted, but this is a first-time vote; we know that that sometimes has impacts on long-term voting. But we clearly do want to see how that can actually be improved, and it may be that it's an issue of resource. So, that's an area we're going to look at. Looking at the correctability, or the improvement, of the forms themselves, so they're more easily understood; voting in more than one venue. And we're looking, certainly, at the possibility of a pilot there that would require a legislative Order, but that may be a possibility. In the longer term, the crux of it, really, isn't it, is digitisation of the electoral register, which opens so many doors in terms of opportunities.

In terms of the comments you make on clean air: those are perfectly valid, and, as I've said, if it was possible to have brought the clean air Act into this first Senedd year, we would have done so, but you have an absolute commitment that there will be a clean air Bill, just as there will be a single-use plastics Bill. And, as there will be further legislation, then I'm sure it will be considered by the Minister for Climate Change.

And the point you made on buses, I'm sure it was very clear: there had been a hope to introduce legislation in the last Senedd, but, clearly, this comes very much within the portfolio ambit of the Minister for Climate Change, and transport is one of the reasons for those being brought together, I'm sure.

Jane Dodds. No, you're still muted, Jane. Can you wait a second? Thank you. Now you can start.

Diolch yn fawr iawn, Dirprwy Lywydd. Just following up on some of the points that Jenny Rathbone raised: I'm encouraged to see your commitment to electoral reform, to reduce the democratic deficit. And I'm sure you are as concerned as I am over the UK Conservative Government proposal to disenfranchise voters, under plans unveiled only on Monday, that will force people to carry identification to cast a ballot. This voter suppression across the UK could lead to more than 2 million voters lacking that voter ID to take part in elections. These plans will make it harder for working-class, older, and black and minority Asian groups to vote.

I welcome your comments on this proposal by the UK Conservative Government, and I hope that your programme will be committed to fair and accessible voting by everyone, no matter what their background is, or access, to voting ID. Thank you. Diolch yn fawr iawn.

Can I thank the Member for those comments? They are comments I almost in entirety agree with. Just to say to her, in respect of the issues of electoral reform, as Counsel General, I have met with the Electoral Commission, I have met with the Electoral Reform Society. The issue of reform is very much an important issue that needs to be considered. One of the issues, not just in terms of reforming and modernising the electoral administration system is potentially also the opportunity to actually codify it and to have it in one place. I have to say, as Counsel General, this is the first time I've actually had to look at it, and I'm dumbfounded at the complexity and the archaic nature of that.

In respect of the points you make about the UK Government's electoral reform legislation, the issue of ID cards is not something that we'll have any traction with; this is not an issue that we will support. As I said in questions last week, there is no evidence to justify making this change and putting these hurdles in. In the entirety of the UK, I think there were six complaints that were taken forward and resulted in convictions or action being taken—two of those, I think, were cautions. So, there is no evidential base for it, and it begs the question as to why the measure is actually being introduced. You raise the issue of voter suppression; people will form their views on that. All I can say is Welsh Government's position is ID cards are not something we have any sympathy or interest in.

I welcome the Welsh Government's programme; fair work rights are long overdue. I hope that the social partnership Bill will ensure that companies who engage in fire and rehire, and who have exploitative contracts paying less that the real living wage, will not get public sector contracts. I welcome the taxation Bill to enable a quick end to tax-evasion loopholes—I have previously asked for that. I assume that the no-detriment rule on taxation and other changes caused by Westminster will continue. Twenty-mile per hour zones—very much welcome. In large parts of my constituency, you'll be driving dangerously if you travel over 20 mph, and likely to have a head-on collision. Local government having the ability to formally have regional economic partnerships is very helpful. We've now set up the four regions in Wales; having regional economic partnership is something that can only help drive Wales forward. And finally, in 2021, we are making sure rented homes are fit for human habitation—something that some of us have asked for ever since we arrived here.

I thank Mike Hedges for the comments he's raised, and, of course, he has raised on many occasions during the debates in the Senedd in the last term, but also even this year. Referring to the social partnership and procurement Bill, this is a long-standing commitment that has been made. I think it, potentially, is one of the most radical and foresighted pieces of legislation, particularly in the post-COVID arena where we talk about doing things differently and doing things better, and that must mean, I think, using procurement as a means of driving forward those socioeconomic objectives, which are devolved to us, which are our responsibility, and I think we would be irresponsible not to take those opportunities in order to do that.

Fire and rehire has been one of the disgraces that has emerged out of the COVID pandemic in the way certain employers—and I say 'certain' because many employers have acted with absolute integrity in terms of their workforce and their businesses. But fire and rehire, unfortunately, is an area that comes within the reserved area of employment law, and is an area where there have been calls, from the Labour opposition and others, for a change in legislation to realign the balance in terms of the rights of workers against the interests and opportunities of businesses to take advantage of the pandemic. But, certainly, in terms of the social partnership Bill, one of the objectives is to identify socioeconomic objectives, and, obviously, the conduct of employers in terms of environment, in terms of health, in terms of equality and in terms of many areas that are devolved, in terms of the implementation of section 1 that we implemented of the Equality Act 2010, are factors that will be taken into account in terms of achievement of those socioeconomic objectives. Obviously, a lot of work is going on at the moment in respect of the consultation that has concluded with regard to the social partnership Bill that we'd hope to have tabled before the end of the Senedd year.

In respect of the no-detriment rule, well, we have to absolutely defend that—that if there are changes to taxation arrangements at UK level that impact on the finances of this Senedd, then those have to be compensated for. I welcome the comments you make in respect of the Renting Homes (Wales) Act 2016 and the protection of tenants and the rights therein, and I think I've already made those comments about the absolute importance of the prioritisation of the implementation of that legislation.

Thank you to the Counsel General for your statement this afternoon. But it's disappointing not to see legislation on older persons' rights in your programme. You may remember, during my Member's legislation debate last week, your Government indicated that, although you support my proposals for a rights-based approach to services for older people, you'd be bringing forward your own legislation. So, Counsel General, why are there no proposals for your human rights Act, and do you think it's fair that older people should have to wait in order to have their rights protected? Thank you very much.

Thank you for that question. I won't respond in respect of the issue with regard to Senedd Bills, because I think that is, appropriately, a matter for this Parliament to determine. But you do raise issues in respect of human rights. I would, of course, remind the Member that it's his Government that has been making all sorts of efforts and noises that it wants to abolish the Human Rights Act 1998 and has withdrawn us from all sorts of international agreements and conventions that actually promote and support human rights. There have been calls in recent years for the Welsh Government to undertake legislative activity to strengthen and advance equality and human rights in Wales, particularly in the context of the UK's exit from the EU and the COVID pandemic.

But we need to be clear about some of the things that we have done in terms of those rights with regard to equality: the implementation of section 1 of the Equality Act 2010, which the UK Government in Westminster still refuses to implement; the review of specific duties under the public sector equality duty to ensure they're up to date, protective and effective; the work we are doing in conjunction with the Equality and Human Rights Commission in Wales to review PSED monitoring and reporting arrangements; work that is going on in respect of advancing the gender equality action plan, the race equality action plan, the LGBT+ report and action plan; lockdown—liberating disabled people's lives and rights in Wales beyond that. Also, perhaps something that will touch more on some of the points that the Member raised, research has been commissioned in order to explore the options available in taking forward the work of strengthening and advancing equality and human rights in Wales. The aim is to develop a clear understanding of the existing legislation and statutory guidance frameworks, the issue of the United Nations' various conventions and how they might be incorporated or engaged with in regard to Welsh law with a view to considering the possibility of the introduction of new legislation. And, again, of course, you'll be aware of the work done in respect of the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 and also the Violence against Women, Domestic Abuse and Sexual Violence (Wales) Act 2015.

So, we are working to develop that area. The research report is nearing completion, and it will be distributed to Ministers shortly. It is research that's been carried out by consortia, led by Swansea University, since January 2020, and when that report is available, I'm sure there will be an opportunity to discuss all those opportunities in terms of how we may use the powers that we have in order to improve issues such as the one raised by the Member, but the many more equality issues that exist that we wish to tackle.

And finally, Huw Irranca-Davies.

Diolch, Dirprwy Lywydd. Minister, you've caused great excitement, I think, for potential members of the Legislation, Justice and Constitution Committee, reminding us of the scale of legislation and of statutory instruments flowing as a result of EU withdrawal, and also the pandemic as well. It'll certainly keep us quite busy, in addition to your proposals around consolidation of aspects of Welsh law as well.

But can I just turn to some of those aspects here that I would definitely welcome—things like the social partnership and public procurement Bill, the tertiary education and research Bill, and the renting homes Act? I think all of us would really welcome those, but—and there's always a 'but' coming—as Chair of the cross-party group on the clean air Act, can I just urge him please to, first of all, bring forward an early statement from Government colleagues on what actions can be taken now without waiting for legislation to actually deliver real progress, tangible progress, on clean air and quality of life and saving lives?

Secondly, we note his commitment—absolute commitment, he said—to delivering this. And he said, 'If I could get it into this legislative programme, I would have done.' Well, in which case, give the commitment, then, to work with campaigners, and with the CPG as well, to get it really ready to roll within the next legislative announcements that you make in year 2, and, in that year 2, just make the announcement then and let's get on with it—along with, by the way, echoing Jenny, the bus Bill. Sometimes you wait for two good pieces of legislation and they come along at once. Let's have them both in the next announcement.

I thank Huw Irranca for those comments, and I also congratulate you and welcome your appointment as Chair of the Constitutional and Legislative Affairs Committee—I apologise, the name changed slightly, didn't it, et cetera, but that is such a vital committee to the functioning of the legislative work of this Senedd, often underestimated, sometimes referred to as a committee for legislative geeks, but, as we've said many, many times, without those legislative geeks, the programme of legislation would not run in the way it should, and certainly not without the scrutiny that there is, as well as the additional work that you will undoubtedly be doing in terms of the interparliamentary forum, which I think is really important in terms of some of the constitutional issues that are emerging and will need to be engaged upon.

I find it difficult to give much more commitment than I already have in respect of the environmental legislations. They are there in the Welsh Labour manifesto. There are the absolute commitments that we will implement our manifesto promises, that we will look more broadly at environmental issues in a whole range of areas. We will also, as was very clear from that manifesto, look at a whole variety of areas that actually don't need legislation in order to make changes, and I think that was a point that you were making a little bit earlier. And in terms of the issue of a statement from the Minister for Climate Change, I'm sure she is listening with enthusiasm to the opportunity to make that statement at the appropriate time.

Thank you, Minister. We will now suspend proceedings to allow changeovers in the Chamber. If you're leaving the Chamber, please do so promptly. The bell will be rung two minutes before proceedings restart. Any Members who are arriving after a changeover should wait until then before entering the Chamber.

The next item is a statement by the Minister for Climate Change on affordability, second homes and the Welsh language, and I call on the Minister to make her statement. Julie James.

Diolch, Llywydd. There has been considerable coverage and debate over recent months about second homes and, beyond that, affordable housing for young people in Wales. We are keenly aware of the challenges being faced and have already made clear strides towards addressing these. However, we can and will do more. In undertaking this work, we have listened to and acted on calls from communities across Wales. We have held cross-party discussions, and our clear determination to address the challenges being faced is reflected in our programme for government and in ministerial commitments.

We have welcomed the excellent work and clear recommendations from Dr Simon Brooks in his report, 'Second homes: developing new policies in Wales'. Indeed, the Minister for Education and the Welsh Language and I have written to Dr Brooks, setting out our response and outlining our next steps. Llywydd, this is a Government determined to take real and ambitious action, and today I am setting out our three-pronged approach to addressing the challenges facing our communities.

Much of the second home debate has focused on a number of our Welsh-speaking communities, chiefly in rural and coastal parts of the country. We know there is a real and serious linguistic dimension to this challenge. It's one that cuts across our commitment to Cymraeg 2050 and the critical importance of ensuring the vitality of Welsh as a community language. As well as significant linguistic considerations, a core part of the issue being faced is affordable housing in general, and not just in Wales, but in many parts of the UK and indeed beyond.

Building on our outstanding success in the last term, when we exceeded our affordable homes target, our programme for government reflects this continued commitment to deliver 20,000 new homes across Wales. Crucially, these will be low-carbon properties for rent in the social sector. In support of this commitment, we have almost doubled our financial investment this year—an ambitious and profoundly significant investment by any reckoning, and one that will offer a clear, tangible benefit to local people and to their communities.

We are also committed to developing effective tax, planning and housing measures to ensure that the interests of local people are protected. And we are not turning away from our distinct position on land transaction tax for second home purchases. In all of this, we will protect the particular interests of our Welsh language communities through a Welsh language communities housing plan, while retaining a hold on affordability across all communities in Wales.

The three-pronged approach is the start of real and concerted action to fairly manage second homes over this Senedd term, while also ensuring everyone has access to good-quality and affordable housing. First, support: to address issues of affordability, we will target and tailor our existing housing programmes across tenures. In doing this, we will draw on experiences of rolling out successful programmes such as homebuy, and promoting the sort of creative solutions we have seen in many parts of Wales. Over this coming summer, my officials will put together a package that we can start to trial. We’ll evaluate it thoroughly so that we can be assured it makes a clear, quantifiable difference.

Secondly, our regulatory framework and the system. To address the issue of second homes, we will provide for better management of additional second homes and short-term holiday lets through changes to the regulatory framework and system. Parts of the system need to change, and we will change them. We will establish a statutory registration scheme for all holiday accommodation, including short-term lets. We will consider the legal complexities of how we can test changes to the planning system, and I am also determined that all systems either in place or explored will champion social justice.

And third, a fairer contribution, so that national and local taxation systems ensure that second home owners make a fair and effective contribution to the communities in which they buy. As part of this work, we are looking very closely at circumstances in which certain properties can be transferred to the non-domestic rating list and, as a result, be sometimes liable for neither council tax nor non-domestic rates. That simply cannot be right and we will bring forward proposals to address this scenario. We know that second home owners can and often do support local economies and we cherish our reputation as a welcoming society. It is important though that all in Wales make a fair contribution. That is why we are reviewing local tax arrangements and, over the summer, we will bring forward options for consultation.

None of this is straightforward of course, which is something Dr Brooks also recognises. However, that will not deter us. We will pilot our approaches, working with partners, over the summer. We have already received one offer to take part in a pilot and I have written to invite further scoping discussions. Our actions in this area represent bold, cross-Government working. Ministers across the Welsh Government have been and will continue to be involved. We have established a cross-portfolio task group, and will continue our dialogue across parties. As I have said previously, no one party has the monopoly on good ideas.

Over the summer we will work with stakeholders to agree the basis and location or locations for an evaluated pilot; develop a coherent and effective support package to trial within the pilot; begin to develop a statutory registration scheme for all holiday accommodation and continue to engage with stakeholders on the shape of the model we will implement, including both the registration and inspection arrangements. We will consult on possible changes to local taxes to support local authorities in managing the impact of second homes and self-catered accommodation, and we will establish a draft Welsh language communities housing plan for consultation in the autumn. I hope that Members will support us as we get to work on this challenging but very important issue. Diolch, Llywydd.

I'll start off my contribution by just saying how disappointed, yet again, I am as a returned Member of this Senedd. I am part of your task group. Mabon and I have met with you, as Plaid Cymru and Welsh Conservatives, for two sessions now, and yet here we are, we find that the announcement was broken to the press yesterday. And Llywydd, I would just ask—. This is becoming quite an important issue. Members—new Members in particular—are saying to me, 'Is this how it works in the Senedd?', and I say, 'No, it isn't.' So, I would just ask all Ministers to work with their officials and ensure that, when we do return in September, such important business as this is conducted here, with respect to our elected Members, and not done through the media. Diolch.

Now, clearly, this is too important an issue for us to do any petty political squabbling, so I want to see us genuinely working across the board. And it's fair to say that the report by Dr Simon Brooks does make for some interesting reading, and it does raise some important points, including that

'there is little evidence that second homes are the main cause of high house prices as opposed to buyers moving to these areas to reside there'

permanently; having fewer second homes would not change the fact that local buyers have to compete with buyers from outside the area; an expansion of housing stock without due diligence would be bound to encourage significant population movement from other parts of the UK to linguistically sensitive areas; and local people are unable to compete in the housing market against buyers from outside the community.

So, if this Senedd is truly committed to co-operating cross-party on the housing crisis, I ask you, Minister, once again to agree to restoring the right to buy in Wales and reinvesting those sale proceeds. For every one house sold, three new units can be built. Do you agree with me that by acting on the finding by Dr Brooks that second homes are in fact a regional and a local problem— they're not necessarily a national problem—we could pursue the right to buy and reinvestment of sale proceeds in the wards most significantly impacted by second homes and, in doing so, create more homes for our locals? Our right-to-buy solution would be such a huge benefit to areas like Abersoch and Aberdaron, which have an income to house price affordability ratio of 10.7:1.

Following the Housing (Wales) Act 2014, local authorities have the right to charge a local tax premium of up to 100 per cent on second homes. Local authorities have been extremely hesitant to increase premiums, and there are justifiable reasons for this. There's this complete underacknowledgement of the benefits that some of our holiday homes, our second homes, contribute to our local economies. Certainly in Aberconwy, they provide jobs, they provide support for our economy, and I'm totally against these high premiums. So, will you explain why you think using further national and local taxation systems will be effective in combating the impact of second homes? We all want more detail as to what taxation measures you have in mind, but I don't believe that this is an issue you can simply tax your way out of.

Thank you very much, Janet. On the media points, I take your point; I want to make very certain that Members of the Senedd have the information first, so we've taken some pains to make sure that Members of the Senedd have the copy of the letter going back to Dr Simon Brooks today and that spokespeople had the oral statement early on. I take the point entirely, so we will certainly work with the cross-party group on that.

There are some real complexities here, aren't there? So, one of the big things that we want to be able to do is work with everyone to understand what the definitions of these various terms are. A second home, a home that's occupied by somebody who isn't from the community, a home that's occupied by somebody that works in the community but returns somewhere else at the weekend, a home that's partly occupied by somebody and partly let out; there is a vast number of different ways of doing this. So, some of the issues are definitional, and I certainly do not want to put anyone into the vilified space. Everyone makes a contribution, we just need to ensure that it's a fair contribution.

I don't agree with you on the right to buy. There are a whole host of issues around right to buy, not least that we haven't got enough social housing, so selling some of it off doesn't make any sense. But also, of course, the only way that people can afford to buy the social homes they live in is to buy them at substantial discounts, and the discount price does not produce enough money to build the next lot of social homes. I think you're severely underestimating, unfortunately, how much money that actually takes. So, there are real issues with that.

What we do need to do is make sure that we build enough social homes for rent so that people who want them can have them, and so I think we are agreed on that part of it. I am, of course, very determined to do that, and to make sure that we build them in the right place, for the right community access to those social homes as well. We have the housing crisis we've discussed in this Senedd a number of times now, Llywydd, which would take—. Each one of them is a debate in its own right. But I'm very happy to engage across party on a number of solutions to that.

The last thing I want to say is just on the issue of working with the landlords. We are determined to put a registration scheme in place for holiday lets. Some of the issues are that it's more difficult to be a permanent landlord than it is to be a temporary one, so that needs to be addressed, and we need to be sure that people are adhering to the right standards and the right tax regimes and all the rest of it. So, we will be doing that, and I'm very happy, Janet, to work with you to make sure that that's both proportionate and produces the results that we both want.

Thank you very much, Minister, for this statement. I also want to put on record how disappointed I was to see that this statement had been made public to the media yesterday evening, and that you were in St David's filming yesterday, and that we'd heard nothing about it until today. But I trust that that will not happen again.

If I could first of all look at the statement in general terms, as you've mentioned, this Senedd has already passed a motion stating that there is a housing crisis. You'll remember us doing that some three weeks ago, and in fairness, you as a Government didn't oppose that motion—in fact, you supported it. The second homes crisis is just one symptom of a far deeper crisis that is facing communities the length and breadth of Wales. It means that people from Anglesey to Monmouthshire can't afford to buy homes in their own communities. I mentioned in that debate some weeks ago that this is a result of a housing market run wild, and Government after Government that fear intervention in the market to ensure that houses are homes rather than a financial investment or a luxury status symbol to be enjoyed occasionally.

But now to the details of your statement. I'm pleased to see the statement providing a little more detail than what was put forward in the media. I welcome the fact that there is recognition at last that there is a problem facing our communities—in this case, Welsh-speaking communities. But the pledges, and the commitment to further consultation, half promises and further delay, do lead one to think that the Government doesn't really appreciate the real gravity of the situation. It's not a problem, it's a crisis.

The statutory registration scheme for all holiday accommodation is to be welcomed. At last we will have improved data and detailed information as to who is actually running a legal business and who is trying to play the system. This could assist us in trying to close the loophole that enables people to convert their housing to business rates. I welcome the fact that you have committed to looking at that loophole. But in order to save you from wasting any more time on consultation yet again, I will inform you right now that the Association of Accounting Technicians has already looked at this issue, and has made recommendations to the Westminster Government, and the Westminster Government, under the Conservatives in England, is looking to close this very loophole already. So, why won't you take action on this immediately?

You mentioned trialling change of use within planning in order to create a new section for short-term lets. Well, why trial this? We don't need a pilot period. There is already precedent in place for this with homes in multiple occupation. We don't need new legislation, we don't need to waste any more time looking at piloting things. You must be brave and take action. Will you, therefore, commit to taking action on this as soon as possible?

Diolch, Mabon. I understand the passion that you bring to this and the frustration of people who aren't in Government about the reason that we have to pilot and consult on things, but the reason is because we must consult on changes to the rules; otherwise we will be judicially reviewed, and the process will slow right down. So, I share your frustration, but we must consult on it. We must make sure that we have a range of views in place and that it's a genuine consultation. We will certainly be consulting on the changes to the planning rules.

One of the things I particularly want to have a look at, though, is whether we have to have a one-size-fits-all. It's a particularly complex part of planning law, but I would very much like to—. Well, we're taking advice on whether we can have particular planning rules in particular communities, which are not necessary elsewhere in Wales, and so we don't have to force particular change-of-use-type arrangements on areas that don't need to have that kind of control, particularly, for example, in inner cities and so on, where there's a completely different, although equal, problem with the sort of issues that we're looking at.

In terms of affordability, there are a range of issues with affordability and the increasing number of homes that are outside the affordability bracket of local people. They aren't all about second homes. Some of them are around things around the lending regime, for example. It's not at all uncommon in my constituency for people to come to me who have paid rent substantially more than they would have to pay on a mortgage over a long period of time, only to find that that doesn't count for anything for their financial status, and their inability to pull a deposit together, unless they have the bank of mum and dad to help them out, is just prohibitive. So, they can never get on that first step, despite the fact that they have quite clearly been able to afford a rent of much greater than the mortgage payment for a very long time. So, we need to work with schemes like Help to Buy and with our lenders to make sure that we have areas where we can help local people get together the financial wherewithal to buy the homes that they want to buy. So, it's not just about the sheer cost of the most expensive homes.

One of the ways that we are looking to do that is with the community land trust that I spoke to yesterday in Solva, where we have a shared equity scheme, effectively, so that people can get a foot on the ladder, they can get a bit of the developing value of the house that they live in, but they don't have the right to sell it on to anyone they like at a vast profit; they can take their equity out and move on if they want to. I'm really keen to look at schemes of that sort across Wales. One of the big issues with planning is that you can, very frequently, control the first sale but not the subsequent ones. So, we can control the sale of the house as a main house on the first occasion that it is sold; it's very difficult to do that for the fourth sale. And so, one of the things we're looking to do is to make sure that we retain that house as a local house forward into the future, and that has proven much more difficult to do right across the world. And I can assure you, Mabon, that I most certainly am looking at international examples of this, but unfortunately, so far, they're all showing the same issues—the first one is fine and subsequent ones are much more problematic. So, we'll be looking to see what we can do to ensure that. I'm very keen on having a sort of golden share, a public share, in that that prevents the sale onwards to anybody you feel like at any price you like, and retains that house in local ownership. But that, of course, is a compromise on the owner-occupier-type arrangement that we're familiar with across Britain. So, we will be looking to see what we can do to pilot some of that.

I'm very pleased that we have had this statement today. We have too few houses, we have too few affordable houses. House prices have increased due to a shortage of accommodation, but also Government policies such as Help to Buy and the land transaction tax holiday have pushed up prices. The biggest housing shortages are in Cardiff and Swansea and I refer the Minister to the council house waiting lists of both those cities. It's obvious to me that we need more council housing. The only time, post war, when housing supply equalled housing demand was when large-scale council housing was taking place and we had council housing available, and previously privately rented accommodation was available for owner occupation. It was a win-win situation. We've gone into no council housing—or very few council houses—being built and lots of privately rented accommodation. A lose-lose situation. Whilst the longer term solution is building more council houses, there are short-term solutions. Will the Welsh Government end business rates relief on houses and treat all houses as liable to council tax? Finally, why does the Welsh Government think that a pilot project will not just produce displacement rather than a change in the actions of people?

Thank you very much, Mike. Your long commitment to pushing Governments to build more council and social housing is well known and recognised. And you're absolutely right: one of the biggest problems we've got in the housing crisis across Wales is the number of people in temporary or substandard accommodation, for which we absolutely do need to build, at scale and pace, the social housing that we vitally need across Wales. We also need to make sure that it's built in the right places. There is a crying need for a very large scale in some areas of Wales, but there is a need for a scale of council housing right across Wales, sometimes in small envelopes in little villages where people need to stay, sometimes in bigger envelopes in cities where people have a crying need to have a decent home.

We also need to work with our private rented sector landlords, many of whom work very happily alongside us, to make sure that their housing is brought into play as well. I commend to Members across the Chamber—as I always do—the scheme where we allow private rented sector landlords to give their houses over to us so that we can afford those houses for social tenants whilst we bring the house back up to the standard that people are entitled to expect in the private rented sector—a win-win situation, as indeed you say, Mike.

We have a number of issues that we want to take forward. On the business rates thing, I've already said in answer to a previous speaker that we will be putting a consultation out about exactly what the level of business rate flip should be allowed to be, whether the small business rate relief should apply and whether it should be allowed at all, of course. There are issues with genuine holiday lets, built as holiday lets, whether they're run by businesses or run by companies; if they're having to pay domestic council tax, they might have problems. So, we do need to make sure that we get this right across the piece. And, of course, the registration scheme for holiday lets will come into play there as we have people register either as private sector landlords or as registered holiday let operatives, and we can see what comes out of that. So, I'm very keen on that.

We've been in a very good place in Wales, because we have Rent Smart Wales working with our private sector landlords. We've had a wealth of information and a good relationship with our landlords as a result of that, which is the envy of Governments elsewhere in the UK. I'd look to have something very similar in the holiday let sector. We've already had a couple of really good meetings with Airbnb, who are one of the biggest operators in that sector. They're pushing a registration scheme in a number of countries at the moment, so we're keen to build on their expertise as well.

Thank you, Minister, for your statement. As someone representing a hugely attractive area of west Wales, where houses for first-time buyers are scarce, I welcome the fact that this is a three-pronged approach. While I don't agree with each one unconditionally, I'm pleased that it's not a single, sledgehammer policy, which could end up causing far more harm than good. We also can't underestimate the enormous economic benefits that the domestic holiday industry brings, with Pembrokeshire topping a recent list of the most popular destinations for British holidaymakers, with people enjoying a warm welcome to holiday cottages across the county.

I'm interested in the Welsh language community housing plan that you mentioned in your statement, and I ask whether there's any further information on this plan. As with all consultation, this needs to be as far-reaching as possible, and I hope the views of all those who contribute are given serious consideration in the consultation's conclusion, and that this isn't just a box-ticking exercise. Secondly, you mentioned developing a statutory registration scheme for all holiday accommodation, including short-term lets. Can I ask who will manage these registrations, Minister? Will it fall on the local authorities, and, if so, will they be funded accordingly, or will the cost fall onto the owners of the holiday accommodation, with the charge reflecting the number of properties? Diolch.

Thank you very much for that series of questions and for the support that you indicated at the beginning. In terms of the Welsh language communities housing scheme, that's in the portfolio of my friend and colleague Jeremy Miles, who's sitting opposite me today. He proposes to bring forward a draft scheme for consultation very shortly, so I won't steal his thunder in taking up time on that right now.

In terms of the registration scheme, we are working, as I say, with Airbnb, as the biggest provider of these kinds of schemes. One of the things we'll be consulting on is what shape should the scheme have—that's hard to say, 'what shape should the scheme have'—and who should be responsible for administering it. One of the possibilities is to do it the way we do Rent Smart Wales, through a lead local authority that we fund, obviously, to do that. But, there are other available options and we'll be consulting on that, as well as the exact nature of the registration scheme, how you register and all of the rest of it, when we do that consultation. I'm very happy to take the views of Members of the Senedd as well through the cross-party working arrangements.

In terms of the value of the tourist pound, I couldn't agree more. My family has been going to Pembrokeshire for our holidays for 30 years. We go and we rent a cottage down there from a lady whom I've known for many years. We absolutely want to do that. We take great pains to be friendly and hospitable when we are there in our turn, and to spend our Swansea pound in Pembrokeshire, as we ought to when we're enjoying the countryside.

This isn't an exercise in making Wales an unwelcoming or inhospitable place—far from it. What we need to do is make sure that we have sustainable communities that can thrive with our tourist industry, because the tourist industry itself needs the people locally to be living there in order to be able to take the jobs and service the tourist industry itself. These are not things that are in conflict with one another; these are things that are in harmony with one another. We just need to make sure, as a Government, that we put the platforms in place to make sure that that is a harmonious whole, and not a disjointed whole, which I think we're seeing at the moment.

Plaid Cymru has played a constructive role in pressing the Welsh Government to take action in order to support communities that are suffering as a result of the impact of second homes. Unfortunately, this announcement today is very disappointing and weak. We don't have a plan here, but three headlines, which are short, vague and lacking detail. Consulting and pilot schemes won't help young people who need a home and who are being priced out of their communities now.

Will you please put aside the idea of a commission to discuss second homes? We don’t need a commission; there are practical issues that can be implemented at once. For example, talking about a registration scheme for holiday lets, making it statutory to register a holiday let is not going to get to the core of the problem, so why don’t you put a licensing scheme in place at once, as exists in other countries, and then it would be possible to cap the number of second homes in pressurised communities? With registration only, won’t you be just creating unnecessary bureaucracy in truth, without having a genuine impact on the situation? And could I ask about the work that will happen over the summer? Will you commit to coming back to the Senedd before the end of September with a clear plan, including specific action and an urgent timetable for action from October onwards?

So, taking those in reverse order then, Siân, absolutely, we will be coming back to the Senedd in the autumn term to feed back on the stuff that we’ve done over the summer—the consultation and so on—and to involve Senedd Members. We’ll also be carrying on meeting with the cross-party group behind the scenes all the way through the summer and into the autumn as well to make sure that we’re picking up all the issues there.

I think the registration scheme and the licensing scheme have got conflated there, but they’re actually pretty separate. I think there is merit in a registration scheme. First of all, it enables us to understand exactly what the problem is, and secondly it makes people who want to do Airbnb really think about what they’re doing, and actually there are issues around standards and so on. You’ll know the big issues with a local family B&B having to comply with all the standards and so on as against a local Airbnb that doesn’t have to comply with the standards, and all of the issues that go alongside that. So, there are some real serious issues around this, which is why Airbnb are very keen themselves on having these kinds of registration schemes.

In terms of a licensing scheme, we’re exploring that also. That is very similar to the schemes that those of us who have big universities in our patches will be aware of for student houses in multiple occupation. That isn’t a silver bullet, I have to tell you as a person who has a very large proportion of my constituency given over to student HMOs, even though we have a licensing scheme in place. That brings with it some of its own problems. So, what we want to do is learn from those problems and make sure we don’t duplicate them in this sector. But I’m very determined that we will have a scheme that allows local authorities to limit the number of vacant houses, if you like. Some definitional problems, which I went into in an earlier response, Llywydd, come into play here, but we’re very keen to have that scheme in place so we can have caps, if you like, on the number of houses that are not permanently occupied. It's been very difficult on the HMO side to roll it back if it’s already gone above the cap. So, we will be exploring options to roll back in some areas, because, for example, in one of the wards in my own constituency, I have one street where there is nobody living—it’s just all student HMOs—and, of course, we see that in some holiday destinations with holiday lets as well. So, it’s a similar problem with a different cause. So, I’m very keen to learn from the experiences of people right around Wales, right around the UK, and right around Europe on how to deal with some of these really difficult issues. Exactly the same as the tourists—the students bring vibrancy, wealth and diversity to the city, but they also go away for very large periods of time, leaving behind them businesses that struggle to make it through the gap. It’s not a dissimilar situation, so the analogy holds.

Minister, I know that residents in Rhondda, especially our young people and young families, will be grateful to hear that the Government are building on the work of the previous Senedd, taking action to combat the very real housing crisis. I’ve been contacted by graduates who left Rhondda to attend university and now wish to return to their home town to buy a home of their own, but face a very real affordability issue due to a sharp rise in demand during the lockdown period from buyers outside our communities. I, of course, welcome with open arms individuals and families who wish to reside in our Rhondda communities, but it's so important that we find a fair balance. Will the Minister ensure that young people returning to their Valleys' hometowns have access to affordable homes and ensure they aren't priced out?

Yes. Thank you very much, Buffy, and that just demonstrates nicely, doesn't it, that the issue is an issue right across Wales for a different set of reasons. So, we have issues with areas surrounding our big cities that become commuter towns, so to speak; we have issues with holidays; we have issues with students; we have a whole range of issues right across Wales. There's no silver bullet for this—that's the real point that we're finding here. If you read Dr Simon Brooks's report, and, indeed, our response, which all Members will now have, you'll see that he's acknowledging that there's no silver bullet. What we will need is a range of measures right across Wales that work differently in different communities, to ensure that we do have access to affordable housing for our young people and, indeed, our families and all of our communities. And that will be that mix of good social housing that's available for all, because it's not rationed any more—shared-equity schemes, co-operative housing, community land housing—and then, the kinds of schemes that we have seen around Help to Buy and so on that allow people to get that foot on the housing ladder. And I already said, in answer to a previous speaker, that one of the things we want to do is work with lenders to make sure that people who can demonstrate good rental records are still considered for mortgage offers. So, the way that that market works is really driving some of the issues we're seeing at the moment as well. And, of course, I've also mentioned the various taxation issues and so on that we'll be bringing to bear too. But I'm really happy, Buffy, to work with you, and any of the communities you have, to see what we can pilot in some of those communities as well.

Last summer, it was reported that almost 40 per cent of properties sold in Gwynedd in the year to April 2020 were purchased as second homes, but strong anecdotal evidence indicates that this resulted from a disproportionately large number of existing second homes on the market. When I previously asked the Welsh Government what analysis it had therefore undertaken to establish whether this was a representative sample, they replied 'none'. The need for local people to be able to access quality affordable housing in holiday home hotspots is not a new issue; the same applied when my family sold our holiday home in Abersoch half a century ago, and holiday homes still in use as holiday homes today were built there in increasing volumes from the late nineteenth century. With many owners not only connected to local people economically but also through personal friendship and even marriage—and I speak from personal experience here—taxing holiday hotspot second home owners simply displaces ownership to wealthier second home owners or onerous registration with a valuation office agency as legitimate holiday lets.

Following the Welsh Government's massive cuts in social housing grant, the Assembly's north Wales regional committee met in Pwllheli in October 2003—18 years ago—to take evidence from local people on the affordable housing crisis in communities there—

Can the Member ask the question now, please?

—when deliverable solutions were proposed to us. So, instead of conflating this issue with second homes built for that purpose, as most were, what direct action will you therefore now take to identify the specific local need in these hotspots for both homes for social rent and, separately, affordable homes for intermediate rent, or low cost home ownership, and then to target increased supply of both in these hotspots to meet this need?

Yes. Thank you, Mark. I understand the point that you're making about homes built as holiday homes. However, there is a real issue with houses that are vacant in communities across Wales that have a direct impact on the viability of other local services. And, as you've heard me say numerous times in this statement today, the issue here is about having sustainable communities across Wales, with a level of all kinds of home ownership in them that is sustainable. When you have skewed out-of-proportion levels of any type of home ownership or home occupation, then you get problems. Mixed-tenure sustainable communities are the ones we know, across the world, that really work, and so I don't think we're at odds there; the issue is how do we get to a sustainable community when we already have communities that are no longer sustainable for a variety of reasons, as we've rehearsed around the Chamber today. And there are a variety of reasons that cause single-tenure unsustainability: some of them are around holiday-type arrangements; some of them are around student-type arrangements; some of them are around commuter-type arrangements; some of them are—there's a variety of affordability issues.

And, I have to say, I'm not going to take any lectures off any Tories about the reason that we didn't build any houses right up until only a few years ago, because you know as well as I do that the Local Government and Housing Act 1989 prohibited us from doing that, and that we only had that cap removed a very short number of years ago, because the Tories took 40 years to come to their senses on why we should build social housing. [Interruption.]—Well, you put it to me and I'm giving you the answer. So, the point about that is we can now build social housing at scale across Wales, and we will do so. We ought to have done it a long time ago, but we were prevented from doing so by policies of the Conservative Government. I'm very pleased to say that those policies—well, you've seen sense—no longer pertain in Wales, and so we're able to now build at scale and pace, because that is the actual solution: to build the right houses in the right place for the right access to people. So, if you don't like the answer, you shouldn't have asked the question.

[Inaudible.]

Shush. And lastly, Carolyn Thomas.

Diolch. Well, I can confirm that Flintshire County Council are building 500 affordable houses for rent, thanks to Welsh Government policies and funding as well to help with that. So, I am pleased that the Welsh Government is tackling this issue of second home ownership seriously with the outlined three-pronged approach. Just this week, I was contacted by a constituent. She has seen a 40 per cent increase in homes in her area of Llandudno being bought for holiday lets, and she recently received a letter through her door, which reads as follows:

'I am keen to purchase a second home in the Llandudno, Conwy area in the next 18 months. Once furlough ends, if house prices do fall, then I would be inclined to wait and see when at what price they bottom out. Therefore, I am keen to commit as soon as possible as to not allow market turbulence decisions to get in the way. So, for me, it is a long-term strategy.'

The resident phoned to clarify what the writer meant by this, and he was very clear his aim is to maximise profit. I think this is evidence of the clear pressures local people are under to sell from those looking to profiteer, and the scale of the problems we face in north Wales. So, I very much hope that my region in north Wales is being considered for the pilot that was mentioned earlier. So, I would like to make that approach to you, please.

So, I welcome the proposals laid out—

Can you ask the question now, please?

I welcome the proposals laid out, and I would like to put forward that region, if that's possible. Sorry, I don't end with a question. Thank you—diolch.

Thank you very much, Carolyn, and, yes, of course, we'll explore doing a pilot in your region—I'm very happy to do so. But you've just encapsulated the problem, haven't you? Because, for most ordinary people, the only big investment they make in their lives is the house that they live in, and therefore, when they sell it, they want to maximise the return that they get from it, and that's entirely understandable. And that's one of the reasons we want to pilot these measures, because we want to be sure that all of the people in the community are happy with the effect of some of the measures that we're going to have. There's no doubt that some of the measures mentioned today will have the effect of depressing house prices in some areas, so we need to make sure that the community is happy for that, because it delivers to them the sustainable and inclusive community that they want to be part of. I'm not saying that we'll have 100 per cent people happy with that, but we need to be sure that people understand the impact of what's being suggested. We have a large number of schemes across the world, across the UK, which were very well-intentioned in putting in place, which had dramatic unintended consequences on volatile property markets, so we do need to be sure that we're doing the right thing by the right people. And I will just finish by saying I'm absolutely pleased to work with you on bringing a pilot forward in your region, but one of the things you absolutely rightly identified is that the real way out of this crisis is to build the right number of houses that we need in the right places across Wales to ensure that everyone in Wales has a safe, affordable home they can call their own.

Thank you, Minister.

Item 5, statement by the Minister for Education and Welsh Language: curriculum reform—next steps. I call on the Minister for Education and Welsh Language, Jeremy Miles.

Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. Since becoming Minister for Education and Welsh Language, I have set out our priority to put the well-being and progression of learners at the heart of everything that we do. I've been talking to practitioners in schools, colleges, and learning providers, and I've heard directly about how they have adapted to changing circumstances in the last year, and what more I can do to support them as we renew and reform education in Wales.

The commitment and motivation of teachers for Wales's new curriculum has made a great impression on me. I've heard the enthusiasm for renewing and reshaping education, as well as a desire to maintain the momentum of the reforms and the benefits for learners. Practitioners have also been honest about the challenges that they face, and the last year has been like no other.

As we undertake reform, it's clear that we are in a different place to the one that we imagined when the guidance for the Curriculum for Wales was published 18 months ago. On the one hand, I recognise that the preparation time for the curriculum will have been devoted to managing the impact of the pandemic over the past year. On the other hand, with an even stronger focus on well-being and significant investment in teaching and learning, the values underpinning the curriculum have been at the heart of how schools have been working. I'm committed to supporting schools and settings to maintain the momentum. At the same time, I recognise the need for clear expectations and more space and support to implement a high-quality curriculum for all learners.

In light of the pandemic, I've decided to refresh the document titled 'Curriculum for Wales: the journey to 2022', which sets out the expectations on schools to reform the curriculum. I want to ensure that it is clear, simple and focused on the how of curriculum reform, including the importance of high-quality teaching. I am also committed to ensuring that our expectations recognise the current context, recognising that many will have very different starting points. It will be a comprehensive document for schools and settings. We are working collaboratively with partners to develop this, and the document will be published by the beginning of the autumn term.

Last month, I announced a series of measures to ease pressures for practitioners, creating additional space to support learners. That included suspending performance measures, pausing schools categorisation, and Estyn's suspension of their core inspection programme into the autumn term.

Today, I am announcing that I propose to remove the requirement for practitioners to undertake assessments at the end of foundation phase and at the end of key stages, in the 2021-22 academic year, for year groups that will be transitioning to the new curriculum in September next year. It is only in primary schools that this will apply. I believe that, by removing these requirements a year early, it will help to create more space for practitioners to prepare their curriculum for teaching next year. It will also provide a greater focus on the progression of individual learners and on improving teaching for the new curriculum. Baseline assessments and personalised assessments will remain in place, to provide confidence in learners' progress among practitioners, learners and parents.

We will launch a national network for curriculum implementation in the autumn. This will be a practitioner-led body. It will be open to all schools, funded by the Welsh Government, and it will be a key vehicle in supporting the implementation of our new curriculum. Practitioners, experts and wider stakeholders will work together to sustain and expand development at all levels and to tackle barriers to implementation. It will be a key forum where practitioners can learn from one another on important issues in curriculum development, developing approaches to designing the curriculum jointly.

The Conservative spokesperson, Laura Anne Jones.

Diolch. Minister, can I begin by welcoming your statement? I really do, although it does lack some details. The sector, parents and the Welsh Conservatives have been calling for weeks for flexibility in the implementation, so I'm pleased that this Government has listened to these calls and that now the new curriculum stands the very best chance of achieving its aims.

Following on from visits that I've made in my new role as shadow education Minister over the last month, it is clear that schools share a desire, as you've said in your statement, to deliver the new curriculum as proposed, but, due to the extortionate extra pressures and extra work put upon the schools and teaching staff throughout the pandemic, some schools in reality will just not be ready, as you've outlined, to deliver this new curriculum on time. I welcome that you've recognised this and they have now the added degree of flexibility that we've been calling for. It is not a failing; it just makes sense, Minister, if we are all serious about ensuring the success of the biggest change in our curriculum for decades.

Minister, could you expand on what criteria will be needed for deciding on delay? And will this truly be a school-led decision, and will there be a cut-off date by which schools can decide that, realistically, they just will not be ready to implement?

On the national network for curriculum implementation, you spoke about it in January, from what I recall, and now we're only just hearing that it'll be implemented in the autumn. As this appears to be so vital in terms of helping schools in preparing for the implementation of the curriculum, I'm just wondering, Minister, why it's taken so long and why it'll be delivered in the autumn. It seems that—. As this key forum will be there as a good tool for teachers, it seems a shame that we're missing out on that feedback and opportunity over the summer months to discuss it and prepare for the new curriculum. And it seems a shame that this tool couldn't have been made earlier.

Also, Minister, could you provide an update on the work of this forum when it goes ahead? And also, please could the Minister provide to this Chamber rolling data of how many schools are ready to implement the curriculum, how many schools will use the opportunity to delay for a year—just on a rolling basis, so we can have the confidence that you have of it going forward?

Also, Minister, we want—. Can we get an assurance of how everything will be fine, progressing well, but—? Oh, sorry about that. The money—that's right. The money, the £7.24 million that you've outlined in your statement, that you've announced, comes with a caveat on clear guidance that you will issue to schools on how they are to spend this funding. I was just wondering, Minister—don't you agree with me that probably schools are best placed to decide what they use this money, this ring-fenced money, for and how prepared they will be for delivering the curriculum and what they need to do to adapt in order for that to be so?

I thank the Conservative spokesperson for her questions, and I'm pleased that she welcomes the flexibility that my statement describes, which I think is a proportionate response to the variability in parts of the sector in terms of preparedness. The decisions have been taken, obviously, having listened to practitioners for many weeks since I became education Minister, and I detected a very clear commitment to the principles and the reality of the curriculum, an enthusiasm for moving forward with the curriculum, but also a sense in some quarters that perhaps a little bit more time to focus and a little bit more flexibility to do that was welcome, and I have listened to that. I want to be very clear, though: what this is not is a wholesale delay to the curriculum. The curriculum will begin to be rolled out in 2022 and it will end being rolled out in accordance with the original schedule. What it provides is an element of flexibility in relation to the introduction of year 7 next year, and that will become mandatory in 2023. Schools are very well able to decide for themselves whether they are ready to progress with introducing curriculum reforms in 2022 or the following year, and so we will trust schools' judgment in relation to that, as her question asks.

With regard to the national network, I think this is a really important forum, which will bring together teaching professionals, experts, stakeholders and policymakers, and the aim, really, is to identify and address the barriers and opportunities around curriculum implementation, and it'll be open to all schools and settings, and I really want the forum to have a sense of national co-construction, if you like. It will help develop, I think, at a national level, a range of approaches and ideas that practitioners can take back to inform curriculum design and implementation in their schools and settings, and recommendations for how to commission and develop specific resources and support around professional learning as well.

She mentions working on this throughout the summer months; I want teachers to be as far as possible in a position to take an opportunity to rest and to reflect, if you like, on the experience of the last year over the summer months. I know that she feels that as well.

In relation to schools' readiness, I'm anxious not to be in a situation where I'm looking for new reporting obligations to place on schools themselves, but I think she can take from me that we will take our lead from schools as to whether they feel that they are ready to begin reforms in 2022 or to follow the mandatory provision in 2023.

Plaid Cymru spokesperson, Siân Gwenllian.

Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer, and thank you for the statement, Minister, discussing the curriculum and qualifications. I'm pleased that you've recognised the need for clear expectations and further support to implement the new curriculum. You've also mentioned launching a new national network for the implementation of the curriculum in the autumn, but what exactly is the purpose of this network? Who will assemble this network? Who will bring people together? Will it operate at a national level or will there be local arrangements in place? Won't this be an additional burden on the short time available to teachers and take them away from their teaching roles, bearing in mind that schools are already working in clusters in order to share best practice around the new curriculum, and that the consortia too arrange fora around the curriculum? So, my question is: do we really need this new network, and won't it duplicate work that is already happening elsewhere?

You've announced funding to support curriculum reform and, in reality, we're talking here, I suppose, about employing supply staff in order to release teachers and give them that space to discuss curricular issues. So, can you just confirm that that's the case? Now, I'm sure that many schools will be pleased to hear that you are to provide greater flexibility to schools who feel that they need more time in order to implement the new curriculum. But won't this lead to inconsistency in the secondary sector across Wales, with year 7 and 8 children having markedly different experiences depending on where they live? Do you anticipate this creating any difficulties, in the short term certainly? And is this truly the best thing for these specific pupils, who of course are facing major changes in their lives as they transfer from the primary to the secondary sector?

Now, I welcome the section of your statement discussing qualifications. To be honest, I had expected to hear more about this particular aspect in your statement this afternoon, but you do say this, and I think it's important, that:

'The reform of qualifications will play a fundamental role in the success of our curriculum.'

I agree entirely with that statement, but what does that mean on a practical level? That's the question that needs to be addressed. We need to align qualifications to the curriculum as a matter of urgency if the curriculum is to be successful. You will know that we in Plaid Cymru are of the view that it's time to put more emphasis on ongoing assessment rather than examinations. We are of the view that we need to bring GCSE, A-level and BTEC qualifications to an end gradually—and I do emphasise that it needs to be done gradually—and the aim for us would be to move away from the strategy of pushing increasing numbers of pupils through the narrow academic routes, and to give equal status to vocational education and technical education. So, I would like to know what is your vision around the whole important area that needs to be addressed. Are you willing to make the radical changes that are required in order for the curriculum to be successful? Thank you.

I thank Siân Gwenllian for the questions. In terms of clear expectations, I agree with her that that's needed. I intend, before the autumn term, to reintroduce the document that shows the pathway to 2022, and look jointly at the process of moving to the curriculum on the one hand with the process of dealing with the pandemic on the other hand, and ensure that that follows a consistent path rather than clashing against each other. I think schools would appreciate that.

In terms of the national network, I'll just refer the Plaid Cymru spokesperson to what I said to the Conservative spokesperson: the intention of the network is to ensure that resources are available so that schools can collaborate and create resources that are useful for them in their schools, and to help to design those for other schools as well. So, it's a national opportunity for people to be able to collaborate together in order to create resources and introduce new ways of working within the curriculum.

In terms of the funding, it is there to create new capacity, to free up time, and to create space to design approaches for the curriculum. So, the guidance will support schools to make the best use of that. Siân Gwenllian asks an important question about whether this creates inequality, if I put it the way she asked it. What I would say is this: the principle underpinning this is that all learners have access to the curriculum when that happens in the best way to support them. That is, schools and learners are treated equally on the basis of readiness to learn and teach within the new approaches of the curriculum, and so that element of flexibility does support that process. And could I assure Siân Gwenllian that the transfer from primary to secondary school will happen in a smooth way? That is, even schools that wait until 2023 before introducing the new curriculum approaches for year 7, even in that situation, next year primary will be rolled out, and then the year after that, secondary will be rolled out. So, the pathway from primary to secondary will be seamless, if I can describe it that way.

In terms of qualifications, I want to see our qualifications being ambitious, reflecting the principles of the curriculum. There will be an opportunity over the next year to test that with the sector, and that teachers can help to shape that in a way that reflects their ambition for the curriculum as well. So, there will be an opportunity, because of that extra flexibility, to contribute to that. And could I also assure Siân Gwenllian that I do have a personal commitment and a Government commitment to ensure that vocational and academic education are equal? That's the principle behind the Bill that we will be introducing in the new year for post-compulsory education.

Thank you, Minister. We will now suspend proceedings to allow changeovers in the Chamber. If you are leaving the Chamber, please do so promptly. The bell will be rung two minutes before proceedings restart. Any Members who are arriving after a changeover should wait until then before entering the Chamber.

That brings us to the statement by the Minister for Economy on the future of the steel industry. I call on the Minister to make the statement—Vaughan Gething.

Thank you, Llywydd. The steel industry has a long and proud history here in Wales. I am committed to working to secure a long, proud and sustainable future for our steel industry. Not only does the sector support many thousands of jobs in Wales, but steel enables everything from our buildings, transport, utilities and communication systems, to many of our consumer products. Developing a sustainable and low-carbon steel sector is a hugely important foundation for our manufacturing and construction industries. The importance of our steel sector is more, not less, important following our departure from the European Union.

Since becoming Minister for Economy, I have undertaken a number of engagements with the sector. Indeed, one of my first engagements was attendance at the UK Steel Council on 19 May. It is very clear to me that the sector continues to face both immediate and longer term challenges. However, we have the opportunity to collectively work towards a more sustainable future. All parties that I have met place critical importance on the transition to low-carbon steel making. There is a recognition from business leaders and trade unions that we need to reduce carbon emissions in order to meet our collective climate change ambitions. Within Wales we have committed to achieve a transition to net-zero emissions by 2050. Industry accounted for 36 per cent of total Welsh greenhouse gas emissions in 2018, and of this, iron and steel sectors represented 43 per cent of industry’s total emissions in that year.

The low-carbon transition is complex and far-reaching. It requires collaboration across governments, industry and the workforce over the coming decade and beyond. In the short term, some improvements can be made—improving energy efficiency and resource efficiency, for example. However, the significant reductions in emissions required can only come from major shifts in production processes and consideration of the potential for new technologies such as carbon capture and storage, fuel switching to electricity and longer term to hydrogen. The appropriate low-carbon pathway and mix of technologies for our steel-producing companies is being considered by employers, trade unions and governments. Whichever path is taken will require major investment within individual production plants and in wider energy production and infrastructure.

One of the greatest challenges to reaching net zero across the economy is the change needed to electricity supply. The Climate Change Committee has advised us that we need to reach near-zero greenhouse gas emissions from electricity by 2035. At the same time, various projections suggest that the electrification of transport, buildings and industry will mean electricity demand in Wales will more than double by 2050. Decisions taken by the steel industry on its decarbonisation pathway will have a huge impact on our electricity needs.

Our pathway to a net-zero Wales will be challenging, but it will offer opportunities for sustainable growth and more resilient businesses. We live in a world where economies are already prioritising decarbonisation. By taking a more efficient approach in how we use resources, we can shorten supply chains and boost economic resilience. Producing the lower carbon products that we need means that more economic value can be retained here in the Welsh economy. For example, we’ve invested £1 billion in recycling infrastructure that collects materials, including steel, from every home in Wales. We are also bringing forward requirements on businesses to separate their recycling, and that will also support the supply of recycled steel for reuse.

This is a challenge the steel sector cannot meet in isolation, though. Industry as a whole has come together through the South Wales Industrial Cluster and has been awarded funding through the UK industrial decarbonisation challenge. We’re working closely with those industries on their holistic approach to the transformation of industry for a net-zero future. Developments are also accelerating in the potential for hydrogen infrastructure to be deployed across Wales, and in particular north Wales, at present. This includes cross-border engagement with HyNet in Ellesmere Port, who are developing a hydrogen and carbon capture and storage integrated network in north-west England and north-east Wales.

Can I thank the Minister for his statement this afternoon? This statement, of course, is timely, following the UK Government's decision last week to support the UK steel industry by extending safeguard measures. The UK Government has also confirmed that it's reviewing the trade remedies framework as a matter of urgent priority, and that it's also developing a monitoring and surveillance system, which will enable the UK to respond rapidly and decisively to import surges, dumping, and unfair competition. I'm pleased that the Minister has welcomed this development in today's statement, and, as we move forward, it's vital that discussions are ongoing between the UK Government and the Welsh Government, given the complex challenges facing the sector. Therefore, Minister, perhaps you can update us on the latest discussions that are taking place with Westminster and the UK Government in relation to steel safeguard measures and industry decarbonisation more widely.

Minister, we all want to see the Welsh steel industry thrive for the future, and so it's important that both Governments are working together to support the sector from unfair trading practices, a sudden surge of imports, and to ensure that our industry can compete on a level playing field. I appreciate the role that the UK Government has in underpinning the sector too in terms of securing higher end strategic investment and in terms of energy pricing, and that's why collaboration is so important, to ensure that the sector is sustainable and competitive for the future.

Your statement reconfirms that, within Wales, the Welsh Government has committed to achieve a transition to net-zero emissions by 2050, and we know there are some potential ways forward in relation to carbon capture and storage, melting scrap steel and the use of hydrogen instead of coal. Minister, you are right to say that one of the greatest challenges to reaching net zero across the economy is the change needed to electricity supply, and so, can you tell us a bit more about the current work that's taking place to start making progress on this front?

Your statement mentions opportunities to develop marine renewable energy and supporting innovation in new renewable energy technologies, which need to be developed further. Of course, these options require a huge amount of investment and collaboration between governments, industry and, indeed, academia, and there has to be sufficient investment not just to the sector directly but also in fields like research and innovation, to ensure that all opportunities are being explored. Therefore, Minister, perhaps you can tell us a bit more about the levels of investment the Welsh Government is providing, not just to the sector directly, but also in terms of research and innovation, so that Wales is at the forefront of any global and technological developments.

Thank you for that series of questions. I'm pleased that the Member welcomes and recognises the change in approach the UK Government is taking to steel safeguards. I believe that's a proportionate step that's been taken, and I do welcome the action that has been taken, as you know, that we've also called for.

When it comes to the future work between the Governments, our main engagement is with Kwasi Kwarteng's department at the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. Unfortunately, the meeting I was due to have with Kwasi Kwarteng yesterday he wasn't able to attend, so we're rearranging that to take place in the coming days. That's an important engagement, and the initial correspondence between our officials is genuinely constructive. There are many areas where we disagree with the UK Government, but we recognise that this is an area where we would all benefit from a constructive approach, because we recognise that we each have something to add and to gain, and it is a welcome shift in honesty from the view of the UK Government a few years ago about the steel sector. There is now what I believe is a more positive view for the future of the sector, and it's important that we take the opportunity that that offers.

That also will lead ahead to the work that is being done by both businesses and trade unions—so, the Steel Council group of employers. So, UK Steel, the group of employers, they've tabled proposals to consider around moving to decarbonising the sector, and they're now working through that with trade unions. So, we may get a more unified offer from the sector itself, from both sides, to understand how that transition could be made, and how to invest in a way that doesn't sacrifice lots of jobs. So, I'm looking forward to the Steel Council due to take place over the summer, where we can have an update on the proposals there and the work that our officials are doing to try to support that, and you mention a number of areas that I'll come on to where that can be helpful. I have, as well as meeting with UK Steel overall in the Steel Council, met Welsh producers, as well as the trade union side already.

You mentioned the important point about electricity supply that I dealt with in my statement. If we can both maximise and improve the supply, we have really significant opportunities in Wales with renewable energy, but also an unfinished conversation about the role that the nuclear industry could play about the way in which we can generate electricity itself. We then have significant investment choices to make, or rather together with people responsible for investing in the grid, to make sure that we can actually deliver that increased capacity to where it's needed, both to steel and other sectors as well. And that's been a feature of the conversations I've had with a range of people, whether they're engaged in the renewables industry, or indeed in battery supply as well. So, we're already working with Ofgem and network owners to have a shared understanding of what the grid will need to look like by 2050, and to make sure that both planning and spending decisions can be aligned to make sure that capacity is there and made real.

Of course, thank you to the Minister for his statement and the copy of his statement in advance. There's some good news in the steel industry at the moment. I'm told that the market is at a 15-year high, so now is the perfect time to look at developing the sector for the future, which is why I think this statement is very welcome.

A few questions and points. First of all, will the Welsh Government be publishing a long-term strategy for the development of research and development for the steel sector in Wales? I'm sure the Minister is aware that currently Tata Steel are looking to separate the UK and Dutch sides of the business. In fact, I believe that's out for consultation right now, so, as far as I'm aware, as part of any potential strategy, it would be important to see how this would affect the UK industry if it were to go ahead. Given that we've declared a climate emergency, R&D in particular will be vital to the sector, especially given that, as things stand, the path to decarbonisation for steel isn't as clear as other sectors, even though renewable energy, of course, is very reliant on steel in the first place. To that end, what discussions has the Welsh Government had with the UK Government on what funding would be made available, whether that's through co-investment or solely through the Welsh or UK Government?

Another important consideration, of course, relates to energy and pricing, as the Minister pointed out. I'd be interested to know what measures the Welsh Government will be taking to make prices more competitive for the steel industry, similar to what has been done already in Germany. It's welcome, of course, to hear that the Minister raised marine renewable energy, and I'm looking forward to seeing the Government's ambition here and, hopefully, that will lead to the Swansea bay tidal lagoon in the long term. I'd also be interested in knowing what role the Minister thinks community-led energy projects have, not only in creating more competitive prices, but also in increasing capacity on the local grid for the sector in Wales.

Further to this, what support will the Welsh Government be looking to give regarding recycled steel? The Minister alluded to it in his statement, but there currently seems to be an issue with the quality of scrap coming through, specifically issues surrounding contamination from dirt, plastics and other metals. I'm sure the Minister is also aware, of course—and I'm pretty sure he alluded, again, to it in his statement—of the SUSTAIN project, through Swansea University, which has yielded very positive results relating to the separation of metals in scrap. The project, of course, has an important role to play when it comes to recycled steel, so I would be interested to hear if the Welsh Government has had any further conversations with the sector and the team behind SUSTAIN to see how their work can be carried forward.

Thank you for the questions. I'll deal with R&D not just in the steel sector but more generally, and this is one of the challenges overall for our economic future, because when it comes to the distribution of innovation and R&D funding, Wales doesn't actually, I think, secure a fair share of UK-wide funds at present. Actually, Scotland does better than its share at present, in population. That is one of my priorities, to change the way that works. And again, if the levelling-up agenda is to be made real, this is an area where the UK Government could actually do something about that. It's not as if we're asking the UK Government to invest in a part of the UK where there isn't the ability to make good use of that innovation and R&D funding.

But Swansea is a good example of where that's already working. As I mentioned in my statement, the work that they're doing, alongside Warwick and others, is the SUSTAIN project. That's what I was referring to. And so it does show that there's more that can be done with the real expertise that exists around the industry here in Wales. So, I do want to see more R&D spend taking place in Wales, and there are collaborations where that already works and could be invested in further. And that will be really important not just for the points you make around recycling.

It's one of the things I have definitely discussed with the sector already. It has been raised by them in the individual meetings I've had with a variety of actors as well as collectively around the Steel Council, and we have a challenge—an honest challenge—across the UK that actually we are still exporting scrap at present. We're a net exporter. And that in itself, if we're looking at a greater use of electric furnaces—we've got to think about where the scrap comes from, to see it as a raw material, the quality of it. Now, at present, I don't think you could say to an exporting business, 'Out of the goodness of your heart, you should stop operating.' There's got to be some thought given to how to incentivise the route that currently leads to export leading to those goods being retained here for use within the UK as well as then making sure that we have high-quality materials for use within the sector itself as well.

That is part of what we're looking to address, and this is actually about the expertise that exists within the sector, about how we can do that. And it comes back to the point that I want to make about your point about whether there's a plan, whether we want to produce a strategy. Actually, on decarbonisation and a just transition, the two go together, because you could decarbonise steel production in a way that would cost lots of jobs very quickly, not just directly within the sector, but jobs that are reliant on it. And this is a particular issue for David Rees's constituency, with Port Talbot. And actually the challenge there is you can have a just transition that gives the time to think about how the technology is developed, and that then means you can actually retain lots of high-quality jobs but also the wider value that producing steel from the start actually gives you. Now, that does mean we need to think about what a just transition looks like, for workers and for the wider country as well. We'll need to understand what the broad plan for the industry is so that there is a plan to invest in and around, and that will lead to practical discussions between ourselves and the UK about the different levers and budgets we have to do just that.

Diolch yn fawr, Llywydd, and I'm honoured to be the vice-chair of the cross-party group on steel. It's an extremely important sector for Wales and across the United Kingdom and I do thank the Minister for bringing this statement forward today. The Minister will know we have a proud tradition of steel production in my constituency of Alyn and Deeside and we celebrate 125 years of steel production in Shotton Steel this year. Local steel production in Alyn and Deeside is a must if we are to tackle the climate change emergency and produce the next generation of green products. For me, there are two ways we can help achieve this: one is becoming the first carbon-neutral site in the United Kingdom, and the second one is locating a logistics hub at the Shotton site to build the next generation of low-carbon modular homes.

With those two points in mind, Minister, will you accompany me at Shotton Steel for a visit to see the site, meet the dedicated and highly skilled workforce and their trade union representatives, to discuss just how Welsh Government can further support Shotton Steel's sustainable plans for the future?

I think there are two questions in there, Llywydd, as well as the invite. The question about the invite: in principle, yes, and I'll happily work with you to look to find an appropriate opportunity to come to Shotton. I think the other question is about how we look at what we can do to invest around that, what companies are prepared to do themselves, and what certainties the Welsh Government can provide, and you'll have heard Julie James talk about modern methods of construction on a number of occasions in the past, both before the previous election and since the election as well. I think there are real opportunities in the way we see different parts of Government activity and how they can benefit the industries here in Wales, so I'll happily take up the formalities of the diary engagements and work with you to have a visit to Shotton and broader engagement that I look forward to continuing with in north Wales.

Thank you, Minister, for your statement, and can I also welcome the constructive tone I think you've given in your statement and your answers so far? I'm sure you'll agree with me that a future vibrant steel sector in Wales is contingent on Welsh Government and UK Government working together where it can, so I'd like to welcome the Welsh Government's commitment to do what it can to make the steel sector greener. And for the steel sector in Wales, as you said, that will mean doing things differently and embracing different practices. So, I'm much interested in your answer to Luke Fletcher's question, where you talked about a transition to that greener form of steel production and what that would actually look like. So, as you kind of said, I'm sure the last thing you would want is for any changes to threaten jobs in places like Port Talbot in my region or undermine the competitiveness of the steel industry on the international stage. So, can I ask: how do you envision that transition happening and what measures will you take to ensure that any changes that take place in the sector not only have decarbonisation and green jobs at their heart but also the protection of the workforce and the jobs in places like Port Talbot?

Well, these are exactly issues that I have had regular conversations with not just David Rees about in previous Senedd terms, but at the start of this one and indeed in my conversations with Community, who are the lead steel union on the Steel Council. There's a range of high-quality jobs at stake within the industry and that's why you need to think very seriously about what happens with the future for either carbon capture and storage or hydrogen technology as well. And here, the UK Government has a real opportunity to invest to make sure that there is a real future for those jobs, and that's the honest challenge.

So, a few years ago, it didn't look like there'd be the activism necessary from the UK Government for this to happen; there does now appear to have been a shift in priority and policy, which is welcome. But it's got to be seen through. So, the conversations that are taking place now need to see direct investment. And the work on the potential hydrogen technology in north-west England and north-east Wales is really welcome, but actually, given where the blast furnace is in Wales, when you see what does that mean for how technology can be deployed within the southern part of Wales and to have an understanding about how near that technology is for delivery, whether it's hydrogen or carbon capture, to make sure you decarbonise the way that steel is then produced.

So, that's the conversation that we're having and, in broad terms, there's nothing secret about that. The challenge though is how do we get there, and then the choices that the UK Government are prepared to make to make sure that investment happens, because this is an area where only they can choose to invest at the scale required to make sure that it happens. And in doing that, I think they'll find a steel industry that is ready and prepared to respond, and in a way that meets the way that the trade union side are understandably anxious to make sure that high-quality jobs are not lost in the transition. And that's where I'd want to be, and that's certainly the position of the Welsh Government, and it's well understood by people on all sides of the debate.

Can I thank the Minister for his statement this afternoon and for the answers he's given? Because he's made it quite clear he fully understands the challenges that are facing the steel industry today, with the move towards decarbonisation, and your recognition that it will cost jobs if we're not careful, if we don't do it correctly and rightly, and the time taken to get the new technologies in place and how we process that.

So, can I ask you a couple of questions quickly? What discussions have you had with Welsh steel companies in relation to their strategies for going forward, and how does the Welsh Government's plan dovetail with their strategies to ensure that we work together? And what discussions have you had with the UK Government about the funding, because we talk about the investment, and this funding is not going to be small? There's going to be large funding needed to actually deliver on the different pathways for decarbonisation to ensure that these businesses are sustainable for the future—you've mentioned electricity—because, remember, arc furnaces will use a lot of electricity, and we need to look at how we manage to actually deliver that, at the same time keeping green.

I think those are entirely fair challenges, and I was just looking at the Deputy Minister for Social Care when talking about the energy demands from these companies—because, of course, as Cardiff Members will know, a huge amount of the demand that goes into electricity here in Cardiff comes from Celsa—and what that practically means for the ability of the grid to keep on doing that. So, there are very real practical challenges for the industry, but, actually, for all other activity as well. And that's why earlier I was referring to the need to have a plan with Ofgem and others to understand what the grid will need to look like in 2050. And you're right, these are significant sums of investment that need to be made, but there's real opportunity in doing that as well—not just the opportunity to make sure that the steel industry is more sustainable, but what that means in terms of enabling other economic development to take place as well, and the real opportunities that we have in Wales in the way that we produce electricity with all of our natural resources as well. That's been part of the conversation that I've already had with the UK Government, and my officials have had. It's part of the conversation I want to have with the Secretary of State for the Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy when I do have a meeting with him directly, and the regular conversations that we already have had with BEIS Ministers.

Now, the challenge then is whether we see, in the run-up to and beyond COP26, choices being made to allow that investment to take place to allow a more decarbonised steel sector to emerge. It's also very real for the challenges around the comprehensive spending review at the end of this year, because if we're not prepared to see UK-wide investment in this through that period of the next spending review, the time frame to be able to do that successfully will be ever more tight, and then more risk for the jobs that Tom Giffard was talking about. And, actually, we could see some of those jobs disappear if we don't see investment choices being made, because there's going to be a need for certainty for the industry to invest itself, to understand what the Governments are doing as well. And that has very much been part of the conversations I've had with Welsh steel-producing companies already. In those direct conversations, Welsh steel companies make it clear that they enjoy, and want to continue enjoying, constructive relationships with their trade unions on site, because the members and their unions understand the need for the sector to change, but to change in a way that doesn't sacrifice their jobs in the transition, to see more investment in the future—the point made about apprenticeships, the possible creation of future jobs and the way that the steel sector can look to the future with some confidence and a genuinely sustainable future, and its wider economic significance.

Minister, right across my region of South Wales East, communities have been shaped by Wales's industrial past and present. I'm pleased therefore to see the statement reaffirming your support for Wales's steel sector, and recognising the vital role that it will play in securing our low-carbon future.

But, Minister, from an educational angle—and you've already touched on it from my colleague Tom's question, and Luke's—what steps are the Government taking to make sure that the current and future workforce of the steel sector are futureproof and that they have the transferable skills and will be re-educated in those that they will need to have to continue to adapt and manage this transition to low-carbon production and the new ways of working? Thank you.

Well, this is really a point about how we continue to invest in the workforce. And this is an area where the job that you'd have done in the steel industry 20 years ago isn't necessarily the job that you're doing today and won't be the job that you do in 20 years' time, and employers recognise that themselves. And, again, it's recognised not just by employers but by the trade union side as well—to constantly need to look again at how the job is done and the skills that people need. And that's why I think there is optimism about the fact that those companies want to invest not just in their current workforce but in their future one. So, it's partly about the skills you need to enter that workforce, to become an apprentice, to get taken on, but actually then what will you need to carry on doing.

So, I think we're dealing with employers that recognise they've got responsibilities to be able to invest, and it's why I make the point about how European successor funding is used. If we can't use that in a way that allows us to have proper strategic investment in skills in different sectors of the economy, we could end up spending money poorly and not actually advantaging those businesses and workers to have the sort of future that we would all, from today's statement, want them to have. So, there are real choices to be made that aren't simply about the Welsh Government and the UK Government disagreeing—there is a real, practical impact in the choices that we make about skills investment.

Finally, John Griffiths.

Minister, among the areas of Wales with strong steel traditions, of course, is Newport, and my constituency of Newport East, with the Llanwern site, for example, and, more recently, Liberty Steel. Liberty Steel, of course, is in considerable difficulty at the moment, and I'd just like your assurance, Minister, that you are involved in that situation at Liberty, in terms of keeping a watching brief on developments, and of course working with UK Government and the trade unions as well as Liberty and potential buyers. And one key point I think, Minister, is that Liberty acts as a responsible seller and that there is a transparent process that fully engages our trade unions, and that plans of any potential buyer are scrutinised, including their commitment to the workforce and, indeed, the industry. These are crucial matters to my constituency of Newport East, and I'd like your reassurance on these matters.

I'm happy to give the Member the assurance that we continue to stay as engaged as we could and should be with the company in discussions about their future. There are about 180 jobs between the two sites. Those jobs are valuable, and we want to be able to protect them and to see them have a real future, moving forward. I know that I have had conversations with your constituency neighbour, Jayne Bryant, on the same effect, and, if it's helpful, I'll happily have a further conversation with you about what we are doing to try to support the workforce at Liberty Steel, as they look to move forward in the future.

Thank you, Minister.

And the next item is the statement by the Deputy Minister for Social Services on the 'Rebalancing Care and Support' White Paper. And I call on the Deputy Minister for Social Services, Julie Morgan.

Diolch. I updated Members of the Senedd on our 'Rebalancing Care and Support' White Paper consultation on 9 February. The White Paper set out proposals for improving social care arrangements to better enable the sector to achieve the vision set out in the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014. The 12-week consultation closed on 6 April. A summary of the consultation responses has now been published on the Welsh Government website.

So, I'd like to take this opportunity to put on record my personal thanks to everyone who responded to the consultation. This summary of responses report provides an overview of the rich and considerable variety of views and opinions that were provided in over 150 responses. The majority of respondents recognised the challenges set out in the case for change. They agreed on the proposals for a simplified, outcome-based system, focused on quality and social value, led strategically and not reactively, and rooted in partnership and integrated working.

An overwhelming majority thought that the complexity in the sector gets in the way of service improvement. A significant proportion of responses agreed that commissioning practices are disproportionately focused on procurement. For these reasons, there was broad support for a national framework for care and support and an increased focus on commissioning by quality, outcomes, rights and well-being. Respondents felt that a national framework could reduce complexity and duplication. Many thought the framework could also encourage and facilitate integration and joint commissioning between health and social services. Furthermore, responses described an important opportunity to strengthen partnerships between commissioners, communities and providers to co-design imaginative local solutions in order to deliver the best outcomes for individuals while ensuring value for money.

Most respondents thought that the national office should consolidate existing national groups where there is added value, such as to reduce duplication, pool resource and to enable greater effectiveness and efficiency. Views on the location of the national office varied. Most local government responses did not support structural change, while others felt that a national office needs to be independent of Government in order to hold partners to account and build relationships with the market.

In relation to regional partnership boards, over half of responses thought that they were limited by their design and structure. The majority of these respondents were from the third sector, independent sector and from citizens. There were calls for a formal review of regional partnership boards' structures and membership as part of any future reform. The majority of statutory bodies thought legislative powers were sufficient to enable regional partnership boards to undertake their existing responsibilities. These responses emphasised that partnerships are about trust and relationships, and that partners need to work together to deliver the necessary change. Many examples were provided from all sectors about how regional partnership boards could be strengthened further, either in their current format or as legal entities.

We know that partners need to work together at a number of levels to meet people’s needs. The third sector were clear that health and social care systems remain difficult to navigate for individuals. Building on the strong partnership working that was demonstrated during the COVID pandemic, I want to see effective partnerships thrive at cluster, local authority, regional and at a national level.

In relation to the Welsh language, a number of responses cited difficulties in providing Welsh language services at a local level, and the challenges regional partnership boards currently face in relation to existing Welsh language duties. There was a consensus that the Welsh language must be at the core of future policy development, and that if a new body is established, then it should be required to comply with the Welsh language standards.

Respondents expressed a clear and overwhelming commitment to work with Welsh Government to further develop these policy proposals. In line with our programme for government, I am committed to introducing a national framework for care and support and to strengthen partnerships to deliver for the people of Wales. How we do that will be informed both by the consultation feedback and through further engagement with the sector.

It is important to look to the future and how we build back a fairer system. Our White Paper proposals are a blueprint for a stronger, more balanced, care and support sector. They are about long-term solutions to enhance our system and ensure sustainable social services. I hope all Members of the Senedd will continue to encourage all those with an interest to work together to achieve our vision of securing well-being for people who need care and support and carers who need support. Diolch yn fawr.

Thank you to the Deputy Minister for your statement this evening. Rebalancing care and support is something that all of us in this Chamber can get behind. We started the journey with the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014, and the commitment to integrate health and care. It's high time we accelerated the journey towards person-centred care and co-production of health and care.

Whilst there is much in the Welsh Government's White Paper to support, I do have concerns as to whether your proposals for legislation will deliver the aims we all share. I'm also disappointed that there is no substance to today's statement; there is no direction of travel. Deputy Minister, what message does this send to service users, indeed? And what message does it send to service providers? We have yet another Government statement stating things are going to change, but no detail on what or when changes are coming. When will the Welsh Government be able to bring forward the rebalancing care and support Bill? Are we talking a few months or a few years?

I note that there was nothing in the statement regarding the creation of the chief social care officer. This was announced in a written statement last month, yet that is a key plank of your proposals, along with the creation of a national office. Like many of the respondents to your White Paper, I believe that the national office should be independent of Government and so should the chief social care officer. Deputy Minister, do you agree that the post should be filled via a robust public appointments process and how will the Welsh Government appoint someone from within Welsh Government to be a strong voice for the sector and someone who can stand up for the service users and challenge Government?

Aside from the issue surrounding the lack of independence of the national office and the chief officer, the main issue with the White Paper is around the capacity of regional partnership boards. Deputy Minister, you see the regional partnership boards as being central to your proposals for strengthening care, do you feel that, as they currently stand, they have the capacity to deliver improvements to care and complete the integration of health and care?

An Audit Wales report in 2019 highlighted the issues with the integrated care fund and there were also concerns raised that the regional partnership boards were failing to share best practice. Have you addressed the concerns of the Auditor General for Wales and how can you stop regional boards operating in silos? Can you also outline how the regional partnership boards will work alongside the public services boards and how will you avoid duplication of the work?

I thank you very much for those questions and I very much appreciate the fact that you think we can all get behind changes to the system. The principles of the 2014 Act are reiterated in everything that we plan to do, with person-centred social care working to bring social care and health together. What the statement is doing today is as a result of the publication of the consultation that we have just published and to draw the attention of Members to the choices that now lie ahead of us, taking into consideration what's been said in the consultation and in the further proposals that we will be working on, engaging service users and working with different parts of the sector.

The 2014 Act was totally committed to working in a co-productive way, to work closely with the different stakeholders, and we plan to do that. I've already talked to the Chamber about the fair work forum that we have created and who we'll be working very closely with in all these developments. So, I want to assure the Member that we will be working with the sector to come up with solutions, and the purpose of the statement today is to highlight the fact that the consultation has finished and we've published the result of that consultation.

He referred to the new chief social care officer. This is bringing social care on a parity with the chief medical officer, for example. And it is very important, I think, for highlighting the importance of the profession that we do have a chief social care officer. I note that he believes that any national unit should be independent. That was the view that was reflected by some of the responses to the consultation document, and obviously that is something that we will consider.

We work very closely with the independent sector. I meet with the chair of Care Forum Wales on a regular basis and they have worked with us through the whole of the pandemic very closely. So, certainly the independent sector are going to be a key part of how we take things forward, because, of course, in terms of residential care, about 80 per cent of the provision is in the independent sector.

Thank you for the statement today, Deputy Minister. I'm not entirely convinced whether this statement was necessary today. It is not a particularly good sign that a Minister has to explain, having delivered her statement, what the purpose of that statement was. Yes, it's an update, but what we want to know is what is the meat on the bone in terms of the development of the White Paper, published earlier this year, and I'm not convinced that we've had any further information as to the direction of travel.The words are echoed again today, as we heard in the White Paper: the challenges, the case for change, partnership, working collaboratively. We know all of that. We know what the challenges are. We in Plaid Cymru have been able to identify many of those challenges through the work that we did in the previous Senedd, through our care commission.

The question is: what steps will be taken now in order to find real solutions to these challenges? The White Paper gives us some idea of the direction of travel of Government, but, to date, I think we are still waiting to see how that journey will pan out. And I agree with the previous spokesperson: of course we can all unite behind those core principles—they are quite simple, to raise the standards of care that we provide to people—but let us know exactly what we're judging here.

I have a simple question, if truth be told. We are still waiting for some work to be done in Westminster, or in Whitehall, rather. The inter-ministerial work has been ongoing to look at how to pay for social care in future. I very much hope that we won't have to wait too long for the conclusions of that work, because it is such a crucial area that we do need to address. But can you give us some idea of how the recommendations that you have, which are slightly ambiguous at the moment, would be impacted as a result of whatever statements or decisions are taken in Whitehall as to the bigger picture in paying for social care in future?

I thank Rhun ap Iorwerth for those comments, and I repeat, really, that the words of co-production and partnership are the absolute key words in most of the statements that we make, and working co-productively and working in partnership is not easy to do, it takes some time, and we are committed to taking this forward in a co-productive way. So, we will continue to build on what these responses are, we will continue to consult with the sector, and we will come forward with proposals as a result of that consultation.

He mentioned about Westminster and what's going to happen in terms of Westminster. Well, we've been assured that there will be a statement from the UK Government before the end of this calendar year, saying what is going to be their direction of travel for social care. I know we've been waiting for this for a long time, and if we don't get something within the timescale that we've been given, we would seriously then have to consider whether we come forward with the wider proposals after that period of time. We think it's very important, if it is at all possible, to get an England-and-Wales solution because of the interface between taxation and benefits, and we wouldn't want the situation to arise, such as arose in Scotland, when they brought in the free personal care and people lost attendance allowance, and the complications of that. So, we think it would be very desirable if we could get a solution for England and Wales, but we can't wait forever, and, obviously, we will have to consider our own way of raising money if we don't get anywhere soon with Westminster.

Clearly, if we're going to institute a different way of paying for social care, we are going to have to legislate. But, hopefully, the UK Government will come up with something. So, in the meantime, I completely support your focus on commissioning quality outcomes, rights and well-being. I want to just highlight that the third sector are clear that health and social care systems remain difficult to navigate for individuals, and you can just imagine what it's like for somebody who suddenly needs the help of society to support their needs. So, I really want to understand a bit better how we are going to simplify things for the citizen who may need social care. We seem to spend an awful lot of time on creating more structures, and I would like to just remind Members, particularly those who are new to the Senedd, that the Public Accounts Committee, in its report on the well-being of future generations Act, had a really clear recommendation that the

'Welsh Government must not create any new partnership or collaborative structures to fulfil any functions unless it has...explored whether existing partnership structures could undertake those functions instead',

or,

'the new structure could replace existing ones'.

We need to do a cull of structures, frankly, because the citizen is absolutely in the undergrowth when it comes to the alphabet soup of structures.

We already have a really clear commitment by the health Minister to bring health services closer to where people live, and we have the successfully piloted neighbourhood nursing schemes. So, I'd really love to know what progress has been made on mainstreaming these self-managed teams, whose mantra is to work in partnership with the people they are caring for and with the other stakeholders surrounding that individual. And I think that was echoed in a report I just happened to have fallen upon from Flintshire, which really focuses on exactly these issues, which is about ensuring that we have local solutions that are really meeting the needs of individuals and local circumstances. So, I'm not quite sure what the role of this national office would be—that seems to be a step in the wrong direction. So, I wondered if you can clarify all of that.

I thank Jenny Rathbone for those very important points. Taking forward a national office is something that there is a mixed reaction to in the consultation responses, but there is probably more support than not. And the purpose of having a national office is actually to simplify the whole system, because, at the moment, we've got hundreds of providers employing thousands of people, and each negotiation that takes place in terms of what the fees are for care homes, for example, has to be done on that individual basis with that individual care home, and there are 22 local authorities commissioning, so it's incredibly difficult. And I think, for individuals trying to negotiate the care system, it is very, very complex and very difficult. So, we think that a national body would be a way of simplifying things, and certainly trying to work during the pandemic with the mass of providers has been very difficult in terms of getting key messages through to those individual providers. So, I certainly see a national office as something that will simplify things.

I'm aware of the Public Accounts Committee's work, and I certainly think that their proposal that existing structures should be looked at first is absolutely right. And one of the things that we are considering is strengthening the RPBs, which, of course, are existing structures that were there to strengthen the working between health and social services, and where a considerable amount of money is put in by the Government for them to work together. The £129 million ICF funding and the transformation funding of £50 million per year is there to stimulate the working together. We do think that RPBs need to be strengthened but, of course, they are existing bodies.

And finally, I know the Member's referred to the third sector—well, I think it's absolutely crucial that we involve the third sector in as much as we possibly can, and I think it's very illustrative really that, in the responses to the White Paper, the third sector were, on the whole, consistently supportive of strengthening the RPBs, because that's where they've got a voice. They don't feel they've got a strong enough voice, but they are represented there on the regional partnership boards, along with a citizen representative, a carers representative, and it's that multifaceted sort of board there they support.

Thank you, Deputy Minister, for your statement this evening, now. I think some of my comments probably come off the back of and are similar to what the Member for Cardiff Central was referencing there in terms of the national approach to some of this. Of course, your statement is off the back of the consultation on the White Paper, and in the summary of responses that was published, I just want to reference a couple of sentences that jumped out at me. First of all, this one that says that,

'Mostly it was thought that a national framework would be beneficial'

—and there's a caveat there, then—

'if it was defined clearly, reduced complexity and enabled local decision-making.'

And later on in the paragraph, it goes on to say,

'The importance of local circumstances was highlighted and the ability of organisations to define and secure provision in a way that meets their own priorities.'

So, there's a big focus within the consultation response on the ability of local decisions to be maintained and made, and, as we know, we have these things that have local democracy, a very close level, called local authorities, which are often best placed to make those decisions at a very local level. We have, of course, seen through the pandemic where local authorities have that local knowledge in terms of intelligence and support for their residents and the difference that they can make. So, there are clearly some concerns within these proposals about things moving from the local level to the regional and then up to the national level, and the opposite of devolution, which many of us would like to see. So, I'd ask what is it you're going to do to ensure that local authorities with that intelligence and expertise—? What is it you are going to do to engage with them and continue their provision meeting their residents at a very local level? Thank you.

Thank you, Sam, very much, for that question—a very important question. We do intend local authorities to continue to deliver and commission social care services, because it's absolutely crucial that these services are as close to the public and close to the local area as possible. So, we certainly don't see any diminishing of the role of local authorities in this field.

We think that we need a local, regional and national service, and we need more effective regional provision and we need a national framework that does not diminish the delivery at a local level. I feel very strongly that the provision of social care should be linked very strongly with local services, because they're the people who know best, and I feel that it's possible to build up the community through the services that you have locally, and the knowledge of the local community is absolutely crucial. So, we are determined that the delivery of local services and the local knowledge will not be diminished by these proposals, but we are planning for a national approach that will make it simpler and will be able to provide parameters that will prevent some of the confusion that exists at the moment. It's a very fragile sector and we want to strengthen it, but we want to strengthen local accountability as well.

I want to put on record the thanks that we all owe to the social care sector, who have worked tirelessly throughout the pandemic. They've given their all in terms of commitment and, very often, sacrifice to see people through a time in their life where they need that care and support, and I'm sure there's nobody here that would disagree with that statement.

Minister, the 'Rebalancing care and support' White Paper has predicted that the demands on the services delivered by the social care sector are going to rise significantly by 2040, and we all know the reasons, and the reasons are that we're living longer, and, as we live longer, when we need care, those needs are, indeed, more complex. And it also acknowledged that the social care workforce is facing lots of challenges. That's what the paper's all about. And one of the areas I want to focus on is staff, and the recruitment of staff, because you clearly won't have a service if you don't have any staff to deliver it. And there's one figure that jumps out, and that is not a surprising figure: that the majority of staff who work there are women over 40 years of age. It is clear that, when we're talking about care, we're talking about people. We're talking about people accessing care from people they very often don't know, inviting them into their homes. And that diversity is critical in terms of taking that forward. So, whatever happens in taking this forward, we have to improve both the diversity of the workforce and the terms and conditions that the workforce work under. And one of the reasons for the shortages is, indeed, the poor terms and conditions, and that again is mentioned in this report.

I'm going to ask people here today to reflect on something that is within that report, and that is about the anxiety that individuals receiving care would feel if they don't know who is going to turn up for their care, or when they're going to turn up, because the flux in the market is such that they can't be reassured. And yet we're asking those individuals to trust other people with the most intimate care at a time in their life when they feel the most vulnerable. So, I think if there's one thing that I would like to see coming out of this, it's looking at that workforce being delivered in a way that people feel some sort of power for themselves so that they're not always just done to.

I thank Joyce Watson very much for that important point and for emphasising the crucial nature of the workforce in this field, because, as she said, the workforce are delivering the most intimate services to very vulnerable people. It couldn't be a more important job, and I think our role in Government is to do all that we can to boost that workforce, to give it confidence and to show that we recognise the value of the work that is being done.

One of the things that we've already discussed in this Chamber that we are doing is to raise the wages to the real living wage, and I think that is absolutely crucial. I think the terms and conditions as well are very important, and that's where we are getting advice from the social care forum that we are working with, which includes the unions, the employers, Welsh Government and other organisations. We have brought in a registration system, as she will know, for domiciliary care workers, and we're in the process of bringing it in for residential care workers, which again recognises the expertise that this workforce—mainly women, as she said—have, and the care and the love they deliver it with. There is a high turnover, and that is something that does create a lot of uncertainty. So, we want the job to be one that people will want to stay in.

Our definition of fair work does include equality and inclusion, and that is something that the forum is actually considering. And we have been working to raise the profile of social care through the WeCare.Wales campaign, which is managed by Social Care Wales. This shows the range of roles that are available in the social care field, and also uses case studies based on real workers, ensuring that underrepresented groups are represented as role models. Social Care Wales also works directly with schools and employers, using these materials to try to recruit people into the sector. But the workforce is the strength of the sector, and she's absolutely right that we have to consider what we can do to improve terms and conditions, pay, and make people want to stay.

And finally, Jane Dodds.

Diolch, Llywydd. I welcome the proposals, including setting out a clear national framework to support services to be planned regionally and delivered locally, and the strengthening of partnership arrangements. I just want to focus briefly on services for young people and young adults within this framework, particularly those with learning disabilities, and the barriers in place for social services to ensure that these young people and young adults and their families are able to access the full range of services they need. A 2018 Care Inspectorate Wales study found that most local authorities were struggling to meet their sufficiency duties and to find suitable placements to meet the needs of young people and young adults. In relation to choice and availability for residential resources for those with additional needs, I have no problem if those resources' primary aim is to provide high-quality care and to meet the standards required, but I'm very concerned at residential resources where their primary aim is to make a profit. The children's commissioner has also called again to move away and ultimately end profit-making in care services. So, may I ask what consideration will you give to those representations made by the Children's Commissioner for Wales and directors of social services with regard to the role of for-profit providers of care for young adults and those with learning disabilities as part of these plans to rebalance care and support? Diolch yn fawr iawn.

I thank Jane Dodds for that very important question. Yes, I've had many discussions with the children's commissioner about this particular issue and I know she feels very passionately about it. I've talked to young people and children about this issue, and I've been struck by how deeply they feel that the circumstances of their lives have enabled some people to make a profit from it, and they feel that very deeply. Speaking to the young people that I've spoken to, I felt that it was really wrong that they felt in this position, and many of them do feel very strongly about it. So, it is as a result of discussions with young people and with the children's commissioner that we have given a commitment in our manifesto that we will move towards ending profit-making services for children and young people. That is the commitment in our manifesto. We would aim to do this over the five years of this term. I don't anticipate that this will be easy to do, because a lot of the work is in the profit-making sector, and we certainly would want to do it in a way that didn't disrupt anybody's placements if they were happy and settled, but I think we must move towards greater non-profit-making provision, greater local authority provision. That is the commitment in our manifesto, and we are starting to scope the way ahead as to how we will achieve that.

I thank the Deputy Minister, and thank you all for your contributions this afternoon. That brings today's proceedings to a close. Thank you.